after the fall essays

after the fall articles Arthur Miller has composed numerous extraordinary plays throughout his life, for example, A View from the Scaffold ,Death of a Salesman ,The Misfits, The Crucible, and After the Fall. Out everything being equal plays it is said that After the Fall is the darkest plays he has composed. I accept this is a genuine articulation, and that the reasons this is his darkest play is on the grounds that it manages his inward emotions on thing that he needed to manage in his life. The specific perspectives that he contacted in this play are his marriage with Marilyn Monroe , who was an extraordinary on-screen character in her time. Marilyn is depicted however the character Maggie who is an extremely blameless young lady who, as Marilyn, was taken a gander at for the most part as a sex image. After the Fall likewise manages Millers brush with specialists over socialism in the 50s. To depict this idea Miller portrays himself as a legal advisor who is shielding an old companion who is being strung just like a socialist or depicting revolutionary thoughts in In spite of the fact that out the play the principle character, Quentin manages his associations with ladies. Two of the ladies who assume significant jobs are his better half Louise, and his mother ,Rose. Lousie attempts to break out of the conventional thought that the spouse is there to simply cook, clean, deal with both the kids and the spouse, and be what is depicted to me as a robot, where she doesn't have any musings of her own. Rose is what each Jewish mother is depicted as. She is viewed as a resilient lady, has a great deal of state in what is going on, appears to have a cold touch when managing certain individuals, yet is consistently attempting to look on the great side of things. His mom is the perfect lady who Quentin holds each other lady in his life up to. The back round of the majority of the play is set in the mid 1950 during the McCarthy preliminaries. By 1950 the senate was in a time of against Communist mania. Representative Joseph ... <!

Government Regulation of Video Game Violence is Unconstitutional and Un

â€Å"Breaking news today around evening time at 11, three understudies dead, a few injured after hyper discouraged high schooler lashes out with a handgun†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Americans serve observer in late decades to this startling yet natural event. The reason for this natural scene is minors experiencing social issue and animosity. The significant focal point of fault is media outlets including TV, films, books, and as of late computer games. The territory of California chose to address the worry of computer game viciousness by passing a law prohibiting minors from buying games that are considered â€Å"violent†. Be that as it may, the law is unlawful and pointless. The law is straightforward: any game that humanoid characters are mangled, slaughtered, or tormented is viewed as brutal. Names that unmistakably state 18 must be put on all games falling under this definition. The law necessitates that any individual buying a game in this classification must give confirmation old enough. Also, retailers must acquire verification old enough before selling the game or face fines. The law’s reason for existing is to shield minors from games that contain brutality. Shockingly, the California law overlooks the Constitution. The First Amendment covers minors’ rights to acquire computer games, on the grounds that the games appreciate similar securities conceded to different types of ensured discourse. Carmen Hoyme (2004), notes in the First Amendment Law Review that since computer games share properties that other secured media structures have, similar assurances are reached out to video games and limitations influencing minors' entrance are permissible because of instigation (pp. 318-385). Holning Lau (2007), writing in the Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review, clarifies that minors reserve the option to get articulations ensured by the First A... ...Opportunity of articulation and intelligent media: computer games and the primary revision. College of North Carolina School of Law First Amendment Law Review, 2(377), 377-402. Recovered September 22, 2014 www.lexis.com Lau, H. (2007). Pluralism: a standard for children’s rights. Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review, 42(317), 317-372. Recovered September 22, 2014 www.lexis.com O'Holleran, J. (2010). Understudy note: blood code: the history and eventual fate of computer game oversight. Diary on Telecommunications and High Technology Law, 8, 571-612. Recovered September 22, 2014 www.lexis.com Wood, R. (2009). Fierce computer games: more ink spilled than blood - an investigation of the ninth circuit choice in video programming vendors affiliation v. schwarzenegger. Texas Review of Entertainment and Sports Law, 10, 103-121. Recovered September 22, 2014 www.lexis.com

Second Foundation 8. Seldon’s Plan

Science The union of the analytics of n-factors and of n-dimensional geometry is the premise of what Seldon once called â€Å"my little polynomial math of humanity†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Reference book Galactica Think about a room! The area of the room isn't being referred to right now. It is just adequate to state that in that room, more than anyplace, the Second Foundation existed. It was a room which, as the centuries progressed, had been the house of unadulterated science †yet it had none of the contraptions with which, through centuries of affiliation, science has come to be viewed as proportionate. It was a science, rather, which managed scientific ideas just, in a way like the hypothesis of antiquated, old races in the crude, ancient days before innovation had become; before Man had spread past a solitary, presently obscure world. For a certain something, there was in that room †secured by a psychological science so far unassailable by the consolidated physical may of the remainder of the Galaxy †the Prime Radiant, which held in its vitals the Seldon Plan †complete. For another, there was a man, as well, in that room †The First Speaker. He was the twelfth in the line of boss watchmen of the Plan, and his title bore no more profound centrality than the way that at the social events of the pioneers of the Second Foundation, he talked first. His ancestor had beaten the Mule, however the destruction of that tremendous battle despite everything littered the way of the Plan-For a quarter century, he, and his organization, had been attempting to constrain a Galaxy of obstinate and idiotic individuals back to the way It was an awful undertaking. The First Speaker gazed toward the initial entryway. Indeed, even while, in the depression of the room, he considered his 25 years of exertion, which now so gradually and definitely moved toward its peak; even while he had been so drawn in, his psyche had been thinking about the newcomer with a delicate desire. An adolescent, an understudy, one of the individuals who may dominate, in the end. The youngster stood uncertainly at the entryway, so the First Speaker needed to stroll to him and lead him in, with an inviting hand upon the shoulder. The Student grinned modestly, and the First Speaker reacted by saying, â€Å"First, I should reveal to you why you are here.† They confronted each other now, over the work area. Nor was talking in any capacity that could be perceived as such by any man in the Galaxy who was not himself an individual from the Second Foundation. Discourse, initially, was the gadget whereby Man learned, incompletely, to transmit the contemplations and feelings of his psyche. By setting up subjective sounds and blends of sounds to speak to certain psychological subtleties, be built up a technique for correspondence †however one which in its awkwardness and thick-thumbed insufficiency declined all the delicacy of the brain into gross and throaty flagging. Down †down †the outcomes can be followed; and all the enduring that mankind at any point knew can be followed to the one certainty that no man throughout the entire existence of the Galaxy, until Hari Seldon, and not very many men from there on, could truly comprehend each other. Each individual lived behind an invulnerable mass of gagging fog inside which no other however he existed. Incidentally there were the diminish signals from profound inside the natural hollow in which another man was found with the goal that each might grab toward the other. However in light of the fact that they didn't have any acquaintance with each other, and couldn't comprehend each other, and challenged not trust each other, and felt from earliest stages the dread and uncertainty of that extreme separation †there was the pursued dread of man for man, the savage avarice of man toward man. Feet, for a huge number of years, had obstructed and rearranged in the mud †and held down the psyches which, for an equivalent time, had been fit for the friendship of the stars. Terribly, Man had naturally tried to evade the jail bars of normal discourse. Semantics, representative rationale, therapy †they had all been gadgets whereby discourse could either be refined or by-passed. Psychohistory had been the improvement of mental science, the last mathematicization thereof, rather, which had at long last succeeded. Through the improvement of the arithmetic important to comprehend the realities of neural physiology and the electrochemistry of the sensory system, which themselves must be, must be, followed down to atomic powers, it initially got conceivable to genuinely create brain research. What's more, through the speculation of mental information from the person to the gathering, humanism was likewise mathematicized. The bigger gatherings; the billions that involved planets; the trillions that involved Sectors; the quadrillions that involved the entire Galaxy, became, not just people, however immense powers agreeable to factual treatment †so that to Hari Seldon, the future turned out to be clear and unavoidable, and the Plan could be set up. A similar essential improvements of mental science that had realized the advancement of the Seldon Plan, in this way made it additionally pointless for the First Speaker to utilize words in tending to the Student. Each response to a boost, anyway slight, was totally characteristic of all the frivolous changes, of all the glimmering flows that went on in another's psyche. The First Speaker couldn't detect the passionate substance of the Student's intuitively, as the Mule would have had the option to do †since the Mule was a freak with powers not ever liable to turn out to be totally understandable to any conventional man, even a Second Foundationer †rather he reasoned them, as the consequence of escalated preparing. Since, in any case, it is inalienably inconceivable in a general public dependent on discourse to show really the strategy for correspondence of Second Foundationers among themselves, the entire issue will be in the future disregarded. The First Speaker will be spoken to as talking in normal style, and if the interpretation isn't in every case totally legitimate, it is in any event as well as can be expected be done in light of the current situation. It will be imagined along these lines, that the First Speaker did really say, â€Å"First, I should reveal to you why you are here,† as opposed to grinning just so and lifting a finger precisely subsequently. The First Speaker stated, â€Å"You have considered mental science hard and well for the greater part of your life. You have assimilated every one of your instructors could give you. It is the ideal opportunity for you and a couple of others such as yourself to start your apprenticeship for Speakerhood.† Tumult from the opposite side of the work area. â€Å"No †presently you should take this indifferently. You had trusted you would qualify. You had dreaded you would not. All things considered, both expectation and dread are shortcomings. You realized you would qualify and you delay to concede the reality on the grounds that such information may stamp you as cocksure and in this way unfit. Jabber! The most miserably nitwit is he who doesn't know that he is insightful. It is a piece of your capability that you realized you would qualify.† Unwinding on the opposite side of the work area. â€Å"Exactly. Presently you feel good and your watchman is down. You are fitter to focus and fitter to comprehend. Keep in mind, to be really successful, it isn't important to hold the psyche under a tight, controlling hindrance which to the clever test is as enlightening as an exposed attitude. Or maybe, one ought to develop an honesty, an attention to self, and an unself-cognizance of self which leaves one nothing to cover up. My psyche is available to you. Leave this alone so for both of us.† He went on. â€Å"It isn't a simple thing to be a Speaker. It's anything but a simple thing to be a Psychohistorian in any case; and not even the best Psychohistorian need fundamentally fit the bill to be a Speaker. There is a qualification here. A Speaker must not exclusively know about the numerical complexities of the Seldon Plan; he should have a compassion toward it and for its finishes. He should adore the Plan; to him it must be life and breath. More than that it should even be as a living companion. â€Å"Do you comprehend what this is?† The First Speaker's hand floated tenderly over the dark, sparkling block in the work area. It was featureless. â€Å"No, Speaker, I do not.† â€Å"You have known about the Prime Radiant?† â€Å"This?† †Astonishment. â€Å"You expected something increasingly honorable and sensational? All things considered, that is common. It was made in the times of the Empire, by men of Seldon's time. For almost 400 years, it has served our requirements flawlessly, without requiring fixes or change. What's more, luckily in this way, since none of the Second Foundation is able to deal with it in any specialized fashion.† He grinned delicately. â€Å"Those of the First Foundation may have the option to copy this, yet they should never know, of course.† He pushed a switch on his side of the work area and the room was in haziness. Be that as it may, just for a second, since with a step by step livening flush, the two long dividers of the room gleamed to life. Initial, a silvery white, unrelieved, at that point a hint of swoon obscurity to a great extent, lastly, the fine perfectly printed conditions in dark, with a periodic red hairline that faltered through the darker woods like a faltering rillet. â€Å"Come, my kid, step here before the divider. You won't cast a shadow. This light doesn't emanate from the Radiant in a standard way. To come clean with you, I don't know even faintly by what medium this impact is created, yet you won't cast a shadow. I know that.† They stood together in the light. Each divider was thirty feet in length, and ten high. The composing was little and secured each inch. â€Å"This isn't the entire Plan,† said the First Speaker. â€Å"To get everything upon the two dividers, the individual conditions would need to be diminished to tiny size †yet that isn't vital. What you presently observe speaks to the principle bits of the Plan till now. You have found out about this, have you not?† â€Å"Yes, Speaker, I have.â?

Relationship Between The Price Of A Bond And Interest Rates Free Essays

An opposite relationship exists between the costs of security, and loan costs. As financing costs go up, the bond costs descend. To comprehend the explanation for this relationship lets think about a model. We will compose a custom paper test on Connection Between The Price Of A Bond And Interest Rates or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now For example, if a security has a standard estimation of $1000 and is at present exchanging at $950, at that point the pace of profit for the bond is around 5. 26%. Presently assume that the loan fee in the market is 10%. No financial specialists will purchase the security as they are getting a better yield on loan fees. Thus, to make the security progressively appealing the security cost is pushed down to coordinate a similar return offered by loan costs. Then again, in the event that we guess that the financing costs are at 3%, at that point everybody will purchase the bond, and it will sell including some hidden costs. The cost of the security will increment till it coordinates the rates gave by financing costs. (Shim Siegel, 2008) What is the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and its essential decision? Assess the idea of beta. The capital resource estimating model (CAPM) is model created by William Sharpe that helps in breaking down the connection between the pace of return and hazard. The essential presumption of the model is that the normal pace of profit for a stock is equivalent to the hazard free rate in addition to a hazard premium. The hazard premium of the stock relies on the beta of the stock, which is a proportion of the stock’s relative instability according to the market. The model says that in the event that the necessary pace of return doesn’t equivalent the normal return, at that point the venture ought not be taken. The essential finish of this model is that the important danger of a stock is its commitment to the peril of a very much differentiated portfolio. (Shim Siegel, 2008) What is social fund? How does this elective hypothesis of hazard and return add to our comprehension of how markets work? Social account is a moderately new field wherein hypotheses from brain science are applied to traditional monetary standards to comprehend the presentation of business sectors. It depends on the reason that the market members don’t settle on their choices judiciously. Conduct account was created to clarify the silliness in the market that negated the productive market speculation. It is firmly identified with the field of conduct financial matters. Two of the significant ideas utilized in conduct money to comprehend showcase wasteful aspects are heuristics and confining. Heuristics allude to the way that financial specialists may take speculation choice dependent on their own thoughts or qualities, which might possibly sound good to an outcast. Confining alludes to the way that the manner in which the introduction is made to the financial specialist will impact his choice. It is the means by which the thought is ‘framed’ to the speculator that will choose what choice the financial specialist will make. (Shim Siegel, 2008) Research and characterize specialized examination and key investigation. Give instances of each kind of examination. Which style of investigation bodes well for the drawn out financial specialist? There are two different ways of breaking down a stock value, specialized investigation and crucial examination. In specialized examination, the financial specialist assesses the future cost of the stock dependent on its past costs and market movement. Then again, in essential investigation, the speculator attempts to decide the inborn estimation of the stock by dissecting the subjective and quantitative elements influencing it like industry conditions, company’s income, and so on. Over the long haul, key examination will bode well as it places significance on quantitative components, instead of depending on outlines and past patterns to anticipate future execution. To more readily comprehend the contrast between the two investigations think about the two sorts of examiners in a shopping center. A basic examiner will go to each store, and study the item before concluding whether to purchase or not. Then again, a specialized examiner will put together his choice with respect to the action of individuals going into each store. (Shim Siegel, 2008) Step by step instructions to refer to Relationship Between The Price Of A Bond And Interest Rates, Papers

What Should I Bring To College (partly) answered

“What Should I Bring To College” (partly) answered Paper and pencil I like to pack light. Maybe its some combination of old hiking habits, suppressed middle school memories of having my roller backpack kicked around, or watching Up in the Air too many times. Anyways, every once in a while I get questions about what you should pack before heading off to college.  I wont try to cover everything you should bring (if youre looking for a more exhaustive list, these  blog posts  might be of interest). Instead, Ill just cover the essentials, aka the things I carry with me every day.  Id title this something grandiose like The Definitive  21st-Century MIT Students Everyday Carry, but (1) Im constantly working to optimize what I carry, so this is a work-in-progress and (2) that title wouldnt fit on the image below. Paper and pencil Antiquated, I know.  But still the best way by far to take notes in most MIT classes.  Equations, diagrams, and graphs are no fun to try to reproduce on a laptop or tablet.  I also find that I retain information more easily when I write it down, as opposed to just typing it out. Using pencil paper doesnt mean you have to lose the advantages of new technology, though.  Most dorms and libraries have scanners available; I like to scan my notes to PDFs and store them in Evernote.  This has two benefits: (1) Evernote has fairly accurate Optical Character Recognition, meaning you can search through handwritten notes, and (2) you can stop being paranoid about losing your entire semesters worth of notes in your checked luggage when heading home. Protip: at the beginning of a semester, ask upperclassmen for course bibles, which contain psets, exams, and (sometimes) lecture notes from previous years; this can save you a lot of time when studying.  Especially if you have lazy professors who provide almost zero exam prep material.  Not that Im naming names. Laptop Home base for nearly everything I do.  This is my SolidWorks-ing, paper-writing, photo-editing, MATLAB-ing, coding, social-networking, machine. So choose your laptop carefully.  Among my Desired Laptop Attributes: lightness, power, battery life, futureproofness, value. Ive found my retina MacBook Pro 15 (2012 model) to be nearly the perfect computer for my purposes: its 4.5 pounds, is incredibly speedy (2.3 GHz i7, 8GB RAM, 256GB SSD), has a gorgeous screen large enough to display two textbook PDF pages side-by-side, and has a battery life of ~6 hours (the 2013 model has significantly improved battery life).  Be warned, though: it is quite pricey (starting at ~$1700 with a student discount), though similarly powerful and portable PC laptops really arent that much cheaper. Is paying the Apple premium worth it?  It depends on your needs, and Im not looking to start a flamewar here.  I will note that a huge advantage of having an Apple computer is customer service.  Last year, my MacBook had some minor display ghosting issues.  Instead of having to ship my laptop off to some Dell warehouse in Texas, I just had to go to the nearby Apple Store, swap my MacBook for a loaner MacBook Air unit, and wait a week before they replaced my screen (for free). In any case, on the PC side Ive heard good things about Lenovo laptops.  This one looks interesting. Some useful software/apps: Caffeine free, gives you a little icon in the OSX menu bar that prevents your Mac from going to sleep for however long youd like. gfxcardstatus free, lets you conserve battery life by controlling when your Mac switches to the discrete GPU. iStatPro free, a widget that lets you monitor every aspect of your computer, from disk usage to fan speeds. Evernote free, and a favorite of productivity geeks everywhere.  Just Google it for more information than youd ever want. Kindle free, lets you read purchased Kindle books on your computer. Tablet (?) Lets get this out of the way first: no one needs a tablet. And no tablet, Surface or iPad or Nexus or otherwise, is going to replace my laptop anytime soon. That being said, in some contexts a tablet can be a useful supplement to a laptop. I like my retina iPad Mini for curling up in the lounge to read the New York Times or whatever articles Ive Instapapered.  On days when I know I wont be writing anything longer than an email, its all I bring to lecture. (I tried a Nexus 7 for a while its also a solid tablet, but I greatly prefer the iPads 4:3 aspect ratio for web browsing and reading). Im also experimenting with using my iPad as a productivity tool, making annotations on PDFs using Notability.  I know some classmates who swear by Notability for handwritten notes; Im still skeptical about writing on a tablet, but well see. And thats it!  Thats all I have in my backpack.  Feedback?  Suggestions?  Hate mail?  Leave it below.

Victims of Circumstance or Victims of Their Own Nature - Literature Essay Samples

Carter’s characters in The Lady of the House of Love (LHL), Wolf-Alice and The Werewolf differentiate between being victims of their own nature and victims of circumstance. These characters that are classified as ‘victims’ are often portrayed as being unable to help themselves as they cannot escape from their fate or situation, such as the Countess in The LHL; however one may argue that certain characters, the child in The Werewolf for instance, are initially victims who subvert their role and do save themselves by escaping from this role. The characters in these stories, particularly the women, are often victimised due to the circumstance of their sexuality and societies expectations of them, nevertheless the Countess is a victim of her own nature – her nature as a vampire which entraps her. Those characters who are victims of their own nature, in other words trapped in their roles due to their inherent make up. The Countess is an example of such a character, as are the Duke from Wolf-Alice and the grandmother from The Werewolf. All three of the characters are trapped in their states – werewolf and vampire – which are sometimes identified as specifically genetic, the Countess’s vampirism being descended from her father, who is too named as a vampire â€Å"Nosferatu† alluding to the vampiric film interpretation of Dracula. As a result the Countess becomes the â€Å"hereditary commandant of the army of shadows† which in a sense makes her a victim of circumstance as she inherits the isolation and â€Å"demented† history after her father’s assassination. However, the entire story repeatedly refers to her inability to escape from her vampire nature, symbolized through the caged lark, and her embedded need to kill in order to su rvive. The repeated references to her isolation and abandonment and the somber connotations to her description â€Å"all alone in her dark, high house† and â€Å"habitual tormented somnambulism† creates sympathy in the reader for her and highlights her inability to escape from her soulless state. She is unable to fulfill her dream to be human by herself and thus the â€Å"young officer† who is pure and possesses the â€Å"special quality of virginity† is needed on order for her to escape her haunted nature and be human as she wishes. Similarly, the Duke, too, relies on an external character to save him from his animalistic and haunted nature. It is implied that his nature is to be a â€Å"corpse eater† as he is non-human. Wolf-Alice humanizes him at the end of the story, saving him from his own nature. The grandmother however, is unable to save herself due to her werewolf nature and is not saved by anyone else but instead dies a victim of her natur e. However, she also dies as a victim of circumstance, a circumstance from which she cannot escape. One may argue that the grandmother is victimized through her role as a woman, a role from which when she tries to escape – by taking the form of a wolf and subverting her role of a domestic and pure woman – she dies. It is evident that she is unable to help herself as she is characterized by Carter as a weak woman â€Å"who has been sick† thus suggesting that even though she is a wolf, she is still weak and Little Red has to bring her food and care for her. She is trapped in her role as a domestic grandmother and thus tries to escape through her wolfish side, which in turn entraps her as well in a life destined for persecution. One may also argue that Wolf-Alice, too, is a victim of circumstance as she is trapped in the ‘nature’ of a wolf due to her upbringing and forced to conform to what is considered ‘normal’ by the nuns. She is unable to fully conform to societies expectations of her to â€Å"cover up her bold nakedness† and b ehave in a way expected of a woman as her wolf side has become embedded in her nature by her circumstances. One may contest, however, that she is not helpless as she saves the Duke from his wolfish side and initially did not need anyone to â€Å"rescue† her. Therefore, it is evident that there are characters in Carter’s tales who are not victims or helpless at all. The â€Å"young officer† in LHL may be initially presented as a victim of the Countess, but he survives and saves/defeats her as well as saves himself through love and innocence as â€Å"he is more than he knows.† The girl in The Werewolf is an independent woman, unafraid of the wolves and conformity and defends herself with her father’s hunting knife and therefore â€Å"she prospered† by refusing to become the wolf’s prey/victim. Therefore, Carter’s characters vary between victims of circumstance and their own nature as well as those who are in fact heroes and survivors. Nevertheless, all of her characters begin as victims in their stories. Even those who are heroes, such as the young officer in the LHL and the girl in The Werewolf, are initially victims pursued by evils, wolves and vampires, but are able to save themselves, to help themselves and therefore they are undefeated and become heroes. Thus, all of the characters in The Werewolf, LHL and Wolf-Alice are victims of either nature or circumstance, but it is those who are able to help themselves who do not succumb to these roles. However, to a great extent those who are unable to help themselves are largely unable to do so as they are victims of their own nature and cannot break free from it as their nature is an intrinsic part of their existence.

Courtroom Case Phyllis A. Roth Essay - 1558 Words

Courtroom Case: Phyllis A. Roth The author, Phyllis A. Roth, is not your ordinary feminist, because she is also a Freudian. A better term to describe Roth would be a psychoanalytic feminist. One of her works as an author can be found in the back of the book Dracula: A Norton Critical Edition. Her criticism article is titled Suddenly Sexual Woman in Bram Stoker’s Dracula. In her article she analyzes the famous novel Dracula. She explores how gender plays a role in the novel and the concept of femininity. She writes about the transformation that takes place when a proper lady turns into a sexual vampire. Her article points out where hostility toward women s sexuality is displayed in the novel, that the average reader may not pick up on. Roth has a strong argument. Let us examine Roth’s case. First, let us look at her thesis statement. The argument Roth is trying to make is that the â€Å"pre-Oedipal focus of the fantasies, specifically the child s relation with and hostility toward the mother, and to indicate how the novel’s fantasies are managed in such a way as to transform horror into pleasure. I would emphasize that for both the Victorians and twentieth century readers, much of the novel’s great appeal derives from its hostility toward female sexuality† (Roth 411). In order to understand her argument that she is trying to make, you need to understand the definition of pre-Oedipal and where the term comes from. The pre-Oedipal is a term used by Freud in his Theory ofShow MoreRelatedLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagestheir help and encouragement with this project: Clifford Anderson, Hellan Roth Dowden, Louise Dowden, Robert Foreman, Richard Gould, Kenneth King, Marjorie Lee, Elizabeth Perry, Heidi Wackerli, Perry Weddle, Tiffany Whetstone, and the following reviewers: David Adams, California State Polytechnic University; Stanley Baronett, Jr., University of Nevada-Las Vegas; Shirley J. Bell, University of Arkansas at Monticello; Phyllis Berger, Diablo Valley College; Kevin Galvin, East Los Angeles College;

My Family Is Not An Exception - 994 Words

Living in our world nowadays, we all have important and significant memories which will never be vanished, and I am not an exception. It is twenty two years from the day I was born. It is not a long time comparing with other people’s life time, but I believe it is relevant and pertinent to me to experience all juxtaposition of being blessed and cursed in the life. Having a good father who always takes care of his family, always sacrifices anything to make his family happy is my dream forever. Since I was 7 years old, the age that a child is able to realize which one is good and bad, I had participated in many situations for a really long time. My family was not prosperous at that time, so both my parents had to work grossly hard to find money and pay for our requirements. However, my dad became a gambling addict when my family just got a little property. Keep burning our own money into such a deplorable game, my mother decided to hide it, but my father was too fooled. Therefore, he beat my mother really atrocious to procure what he wanted, and my mother eventually had to give up her fire and the money to him. After that day, my mother kept asking me like â€Å"how would you feel if only you and I live together?† Without any hesitate, she and I left the house and started a new life. A year later, my father showed up again and begged my mom to forgive his fault. He said a countless florid thing to my mother, so my mother could not prevent it and lived with him once again. LaterShow MoreRelatedLIT1 Task 2 Essay998 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿LIT1 Task 2 Situation A The Family and Medical Leave Act sets regulations for job-protected leave related to family and medical reasons. FMLA applies to organizations with 50 or more employees working within 75 miles of the employee’s worksite (â€Å"Employment Laws,† n.d., para. 6). Employees who have been with their current employer for 12 months and who have worked 1250 hours of service in the previous 12 months are eligible for 12 weeks of unpaid leave through FMLA (â€Å"Eligibility RequirementsRead MoreLit1 Task 2 Essay1069 Words   |  5 PagesLIT1 Task 2 Situation A The Family and Medical Leave Act sets regulations for job-protected leave related to family and medical reasons. FMLA applies to organizations with 50 or more employees working within 75 miles of the employee’s worksite (â€Å"Employment Laws,† n.d., para. 6). Employees who have been with their current employer for 12 months and who have worked 1250 hours of service in the previous 12 months are eligible for 12 weeks of unpaid leave through FMLA (â€Å"Eligibility RequirementsRead MoreDivorce Ethics1643 Words   |  7 Pagessome exceptions when it comes to abuse. However, I think that too many people give up on their marriage without going through all of the avenues to help their marriage. Signing a prenuptial agreement makes it even easier to give up on a marriage. Things get exponentially more complicated when children are involved. It poses the question: should parents stay together for the sake of their children. As a child who comes from a family of abuse, I do not think that they should. However, my argumentRead MoreEssay On Static Members737 Words   |  3 PagesUse Static and Non-Static in My Own Programming Accordingly, now I understand static and non-static members. I can now use my knowledge to build classes that share (global) static data to each to be manipulated by each instances non-static members. This is a keen concept. Since each class groups data by subject, it makes sense each subject will share data, and act upon static data in separate ways. Depending on what type of object I’m deriving from its super-family class, it makes sense each derivedRead MoreHealth Assessment : Underage Drinking1470 Words   |  6 Pagesinternal possession may apply various statutory exceptions to these provisions. â€Å"Although all States prohibit possession of alcohol by minors, some States do not specifically prohibit underage alcohol consumption. In addition, States that prohibit underage possession and/or consumption may or may not address the issue of internal possession. Some States allow an exception to possession, consumption, or internal possession prohibitions when a family member consents and/or is present. States vary widelyRead MoreRelationship Between Working And Middle Class933 Words   |  4 PagesMy family has for the most part straddled the line between working and middle class. While mos t of my family members moved up in their careers as time went by, tragedies have struck (such as my grandfather’s early demise) that sent them tumbling down and the occasional triumph or stroke of luck has improved their financial situation and allowed them to bounce back. Of course money isn’t the only thing that has helped or hindered my family; their skin color has allowed them to maintain a place ofRead MoreThe Cycle Of Illiteracy And Illiteracy984 Words   |  4 Pageshave a ripple effect on their children. Such as, my grandfather, who was raised in Mexico and was taught that labor to provide for his family was of higher importance than education and literacy ever would be. For many people in the early days, the essential way of life was working to survive. Although people knew education could earn them a better way of life, individuals such as my grandpa settled for working hard labor to provide for his family because of the lack of education importance at th eRead MoreFlower of Service Markrting1270 Words   |  6 Pages  product.   It   also   help   Enhances   supplementary   service   by   adding    extra   value   for   the   customers,   this   two   roles   that   flower   service   play   would   be   used    in   my   basis   of   analysis   at   the   end   of   this   report.                                 First   we   look   at   a   High   contact   service   that   I   have   personally   experienceRead MoreCase Study : Two Tough Calls1171 Words   |  5 Pagesparty to the employment relationship can terminate their employment at any time for any reason. However, most states employ certain exception to employment-at-will, which may limit the rights of the employer. This section will examine certain employment-at-will exceptions, and how they apply to the case of Two Tough Calls. Public Policy Under the public-policy exception to employment-at will, an employee is wrongfully terminated when the termination is against well-established public policy of a stateRead MoreBirth Order and Its Efects on Personality1048 Words   |  5 Pagesalong, or why you are so different? I wondered the same thing until I read an article about birth orders effects on personality. This had to be why she had never spent an hour away from my parents and I havent willingly been within thirty feet of them since I was six, Why I love to read well above my grade level and my sister, a sixth grader, reads mainly Captain Underpants books when not glued to the T.V. and why we are a similar as oil and water. Before I start explaining what birth order does

Reduce Global Nitrogen Pollution - 934 Words

a) Reduce global nitrogen pollution by forcing people to become vegetarian: It is a reasonable option for only focus on nitrogen pollution solutions. Since the huge amount of consumption of agriculture turning into domestic animal production, then to animal manure will disappear when people stop to require animal meat (According to the ‘Anthropogenic Nitrogen Flow chart). Although the largest nitrogen consumption occurs in plant production, but the overall performance is largely determined by the society in the human diet (Marina and Lara. 1997). Hence, this seems to be a feasible thought, however, it cannot be put into effect due to social reasons. People have formed the fixed eating habits, it will be impossible to let meat activists abandon that habit. Furthermore, it might also harm the environment in the other way, such as more greenhouse gas emissions per calorie (Michelle S. et al. 2015). For the economic benefits of vegetarian, a vegetarian diet could offer substantial savings on the cost of food. One research shows that the vegetarians are able to save around three thousand dollars per year. Meanwhile, the elimination of pork and beef from the diet could reduce the medical expenses. The New York Times said, â€Å"The medical costs of meat consumption may be similar to the tens of billions of dollars it costs per year to care for smokers.† (Gary Null, 2011) Therefore, this proposal goes to the last of the rank. b) Invest in upgrading the urban water infrastructure inShow MoreRelatedAir Pollution : A Threat Of Humans And Nature1198 Words   |  5 PagesAir Pollution: A Threat to Humans and Nature Gary Moore states in his book Living with the Earth that one of the first recorded air pollution events in the United States happened in 1948 in Donora, Pennsylvania. Pollutants from steel manufacturing in the area caused an inversion, the phenomenon whereby cool air is trapped underneath warmer air above and air pollutants are trapped. Seventy people died and over six thousand people suffered from symptoms such as nausea, headaches, and irritation toRead MoreCauses Of Air Pollution Essay874 Words   |  4 PagesAir Pollution Poignant Matters Air pollution refers to a chemical, physical or biological alteration to the atmospheric air. It results whenever harmful gasses, smoke, or dust enters the atmosphere and in turn, hinders the survival of animals and plants as the air contains toxic substances. The survival of human beings and animals greatly depend on the combination of gasses in the atmosphere; slight disruption of this composition can cause devastating effects on their existence. An imbalance in theseRead MoreThe Effects Of Transportation On The Environment902 Words   |  4 Pagesfor transportation increases, so do the effects of transportation on the environment (Rodrigue, Comtois and Slack). It is reported that in 2013, that transportation produced over half of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides that were released into the atmosphere (Cars, Trucks, and Air Pollution). Semi-trucks use diesel, which is a fossil fuel that releases less contaminants than gasoline, however they are still causing damage to the environment (Beach). While the economy depends on transportationRead MoreFossil Fuels And Their Impact On The Environment862 Words   |  4 Pagesthe depletion of human health, but also in the air, water, and land. Emissions are a concerning contribution to other problems such as global warming and greenhouse gases as well. One of the major factors of fossil fuels are vehicles. Vehicles emit harmful gases into the air such as particulate matter, hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, greenhouse gases, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide. Emissions from vehicles are dangerous to the elderly, people who have asthmaRead MoreEthanol Effects on the Environment1265 Words   |  6 Pagescan find its way into fuel tanks of vehicles. It reduces the effect that this water has on the health of the vehicle, and as a result increases gas mileage, and also increases the amount of complete combustion. Ethanol consumption has severe drawbacks pertaining to its effect on the environment. Production of ethanol increases the formation of greenhouse gases. It also causes a problem for air pollution in cities and rural areas. Lastly, water pollution due to ethanol is escalating. As a result of theRead MoreA Brief Note On Air Pollution And Indoor Pollution1288 Words   |  6 PagesDid you know th at every year millions die from respiratory and circulatory diseases due to too much exposure from air pollution? This is becoming a global problem because of the extremely high levels of toxins and chemicals being produced. So how do we reduce air pollution? First, we all must educate ourselves and become aware of the rising health problems related to pollution. The majority of individuals today are unaware of the chronic illnesses that can occur from polluted air. There are countlessRead MoreThe Modern Global Automotive Industry Essay889 Words   |  4 Pagesautomobiles release of emissions play a huge roll in why global warming is happening. In other words, automobiles have an enormous impact on the environment. However, some new technologies are working to lesson the impact on the environment by automobiles. Some technologies are even trying to eliminate it all together. In this paper I shall discuss these topics and then talk about some consumer opinions about these topics. â€Å"Today, the modern global automotive industry encompasses the principal manufacturersRead MoreAmbient Air Pollution Is Bad For The Planet977 Words   |  4 PagesLinked to Exposure of Ambient Air Pollution Most people have heard that air pollution is bad for the planet. That pollutants we put in the air are causing this thing called â€Å"Global Warming.† The information that sometimes gets left out is the impact of ambient air pollution to the health of humans. Ambient air pollution is outdoor pollution originating from industries, cars, and trucks. These pollutants can wreak havoc on the human respiratory system (Ambient air pollution). Respiratory conditions suchRead MoreThe Pollution And Its Effects On The Environment1436 Words   |  6 Pagesarises as we use fossil fuels for vehicles, eventually releasing gases into the air contributing to ozone pollution. Ozone is emitted primarily through chemical reactions from industrial machinery and motor vehicles, acting as a harmful air pollutant at ground level. So, what is the number one cause of ozone pollution? Vehicles powered by fossil fuels are the leading cause of ozone pollution, even though they do not directly emit ozon e. Most of today’s population rely on transportation for variousRead MoreAir and Water Pollution Paper698 Words   |  3 PagesCarbon oxide and Nitrogen oxide are one of the many air pollutants this world is having problems with. As for carbon oxide and nitrogen oxide they fall into the category of a primary pollutant, or as so I believe. The reason for why I believe this is because when nitrogen oxide is let out and exposed into the air it can harm the growth of our plants and crops which results us to lose quantities of our food being grown. Also if nitrogen oxide is inhaled it can cause health complications such as asthma

Social Media Freedom Of Speech Essay - 1014 Words

â€Å"As the use of social media increases and becomes an integral part of nearly every student’s life, problems arise when student expression on these sites turns into threats against the school or other students, implicating both student safety and the speaker’s right to free speech† (Hughes 208). There’s no denying that social media has become a part of most people’s daily life. We have sites like Instagram, Twitter, Snapchat, Facebook, Reddit, YouTube, LinkedIn, etc. These websites, or apps, allow us to express ourselves in any way possible, whether it’s supporting families who lost a member in a mass shooting, trying to impeach the latest president, or donating to those who are victims of natural disasters. It’s not always that social†¦show more content†¦Walk into a library, you have a computer, you are most likely carrying a phone, at home, you most likely have a computer, laptop, tablet, or even all three. This shows t hat we have social media access at the tip of our fingers, making it so easy to open up the site or app and just type out a phrase or paragraph, letting hundreds, thousands, maybe even millions, of people know what you think. Back then, it was harder to let the nation know what you were thinking, and it took even take months before everyone knew, versus today, where the nation might know by the end of the day, and it’s because of this that companies regulate what their users are posting, attempting at keeping the online world free from threats, hate, harmful words, and more. Rutenberg quotes Jeffrey Goldberg as he says, â€Å"At a certain point I’d rather take myself off the platform where speech has become so become so offensive than advocate for the suppression of that speech† (2). Twitter also said that â€Å"everyone on Twitter should feel safe expressing diverse opinions and beliefs, but behavior that harasses, intimidates or uses fear to silence another p erson’s voice should have no place on our platform† (Rutenberg 2). With that statement, it leads to the question, when do we know that it’s an actual, legit threat or just some child play online? So far, we haven’t amended the First AmendmentShow MoreRelatedToday’S Major Media Platforms Are Defining And Developing1365 Words   |  6 PagesToday’s major media platforms are defining and developing what constitutes the Internet’s version of free speech. As a new form of expression emerges through the use of social media platforms, policymakers must regulate the censorship of posted content while still protecting the integrity of the user’s First Amendment rights. Authors Marvin Ammori, Marjorie Heins, and Jonathan Zittrain engage in synergistic conversation of censorship by mega media platforms’ evolving terms and conditions and theirRead MoreThe Delicate Balance of Regulating Freedom of Speech806 Words   |  3 PagesIs t he Freedom of the press really â€Å"free† when it comes bearing stipulations and regulations? Should we as citizens then live as a democratic society where freedom of speech and press is completely unregulated? For those readers who say yes, would you then be willing to legalize types of speech like slander or defamation of character and reputation? This is precisely the tricky and delicate balance that democratic societies like the United States often have to weigh in which different social valuesRead MoreArgumentative Essay : First Amendment Junkie By Susan Jacoby1042 Words   |  5 PagesAmber Rogers Dr. Kim Loel Argumentative Analysis of the Essay â€Å"First Amendment Junkie† by Susan Jacoby What is a First Amendment Junkie? According to author Susan Jacoby, censorship of any form is wrong. From the beginning of Jacoby’s essay, â€Å"First Amendment Junkie,† it’s obvious where she stands on the topic. Jacoby states that the people who most support the censorship of pornography are women. These women are often self-proclaimed feminists who ironically support the First Amendment. WhileRead MoreThe United States Presidential Election Of 2016 Essay1540 Words   |  7 Pageselection has left many of the American people in an uproar. Many Americans are using their right to freedom of speech to voice their opinions and show their opposition. The first amendment gives people the right to freedom of speech that we all deserve, but since the election has this right been taken a bit too far with all of the violent protests, the social media uproar and the exaggerations by the media? Although the first amendment is the key to all human rights, there is a huge threat when takenRead MoreArticle Review : On Racist Speech, By Charles R. Lawrence1639 Words   |  7 PagesThe three essays, â€Å"On Racist Speech,† â€Å"Protecting Freedom of Expression on the Campus,† and â€Å"Thinking Further about Facebook† serve the purpose to outline various incidents in which regulation of the First Amendment. In the first two essays we see regulation as a safeguard to protect against racial discrimination and in the final essay cyberbullying is brought up as a downfall arising from lack of regulation. Although touching on different subjects all three essays recognize that there is a problemRead MoreReasons For Why Diversity Within The Public Sphere1390 Words   |  6 Pageshave a diverse amount of perspectives and this benefits societies as it allows an infinite number of questions to be asked and answered. This essay will explain that diversity in the pub lic sphere by arguing that democratic societies rely on a diversity of viewpoints and that more arguments that are presented and discussed benefit the public sphere. This essay will also argue that diversity justifies policies of radical impartiality and that risks can arise from this reporting policy. When viewingRead MoreThe Amendment Of The United States Constitution833 Words   |  4 Pagesconsidered as a basic provision enshrined in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. To elaborate, the first amendment to the constitution prohibit the legislative arm of government in making of any law abridging the freedom of speech, infringing on the freedom of the press and prohibiting the petitioning for a governmental redress of grievances. Post this amendment, there have been several cases where the Supreme Court has been required to interpret or make a decision to uphold its provisionsRead MoreCivil Liberties And Civil Rights960 Words   |  4 PagesCritique Essay The balance between the duty of the government, both on a state and federal scale, and the citizens’ view of freedoms has been a continuous struggle throughout the readings. Although many members of America’s youth believe that their participation in politics is aimless, public opinion and voting are very important aspects of shaping the government. Without certain civil rights being granted by the government, these important rights of expression and suffrage would not exist. ThereRead MoreFree Speech, Media Regulation And Media And Society1320 Words   |  6 Pageshave come to the conclusion that free speech, media regulation and media and society are very controversial topics. There are many aspects of each that can be agreed or disagreed on. Breaking down each, I am going to analyze what I think about the author’s line of arguments and recommendations, as well as give my own. First, topic is free speech and I am going to start off with the essay written by John Barlow in the book Copy Fights. His opinion on free speech is that it is basic human rights andRead MoreEssay On Internet Privacy1471 Words   |  6 Pages Subhajit Debnath SUID 331531789 IST 618 Summer 2017 online Policy Essay #2 Privacy In today’s world, Privacy and Security comes hand in hand with internet. Technology allows us free speech and freedom of information over the internet, by imposing strict laws and policies regulating the privacy and security of our information. According to Richard Clarke, free expression over the internet and its privacy are two sides of the same coin (Privacy

Advancements in the Roman Empire Compared to that of the...

As one rises, another falls. Civilizations undulated in historic times more frequently than waves in an ocean; however, most of them are forgotten to this day because of their insignificant impact. The Roman and Chinese Empires were established like any other civilization, but rose to power through proper governing of the people. They later became so successful that they emulated one another in different fields of culture. The Han Dynasty was one of many dynasties in ancient China and it was able to change the outlook on society because of its radical and novel ideology based on Confucianism. During the dynasty, the emperor Wudi pushed borders and trade like no other dynasty of its kind and conquered land past Chinas century long†¦show more content†¦Most of these attributes were derived from the Grecian culture around 210 BC and disseminated all over Rome (Nardo, 60). Not only did the people contribute to the arts, but so did the government, which built bronze statues of th e emperors or Gods, like the statue of Marcus Aurelius in 175 AD, and decorated the currency with elaborate drawings (Hinds, 172). A lasting example of the Roman taste of the arts was preserved in Pompeii after the volcanic eruption. According to written documents, a museum owned by two wealthy businessmen in Pompeii was available for public viewing, which displayed the gratitude of the people of Pompeii toward their own culture (Hinds, 178). Along with the paintings, Romans had a wide variety of other arts ranging in many different fields of interest. For example, the wealthy owned papyrus scrolls and other documents that they read (Nardo, 70). Music also spread joy and was even played at special occasions, like weddings, as it is today in addition to formal concerts and theaters. Moreover, plays and theatrical arts were performed on stages by prominent actors of the field and written by even more famous writers, like Plautus and Terence (Hinds, 31). Art also played a role in advan cing the society through architecture, like the famous arches found along theaters, bridges, and other great structures. But most importantly, the Romans cherishedShow MoreRelatedModel Essay Comparison Essay Post-Classical Civilizations1304 Words   |  6 Pagesto the rise post-classical civilizations from 500 CE to 1200CE between two of the following regions- Europe, East Asia, Africa or the Middle East. Model Essay Comparison Essay Post-Classical Civilizations With the collapse of the Roman, Gupta and Han empires, the world was left in a period of chaos with little structure in most areas. However after these collapses and the interlude that followed, post-classical civilizations arose in various regions. There were various reasons for this thatRead MoreThe Dynasty Of Chinese History Essay1715 Words   |  7 PagesThe Six Dynasty period in Chinese historiography is often classified with moments of conflict, revolt, strife, famine, disunity, and not innovation. Historians and academics categorize the period as a placeholder between the more significant Han China—206 BCE to 220 CE—and the Tang dynasty—618 to 907 CE. Understandably, Han China’s military, infrastructure, and civil capabilities were rivalled only by that of the Roman Empire, and even then, the Han dynasties administrative capabilities were rivalledRead MoreThe Invention Of China s Inventions1795 Words   |  8 Pagestoo hard to write on and it was too expensive. How the paper differentiated from the papyrus was paper was flat in surface it was also white which made it easier to write on. Writing on paper was more legible and was preferred by the public when compared to the papyrus (sacu). It was not until the 3rd century AD that paper began to spread across the world, it first reached Korea. Then it was introduced to Japan around 610AD and moved to Vietnam and India in the beginning of the 16th century. By thisRead MoreEssay about Summary of History of Graphic Design by Meggs14945 Words   |  60 Pagespower of the Persian Empire. Reading and writing had become more important by this time, because the expansion of information and knowledge exceeded the ability of oral communication. - Most of the knowledge documented by the Greeks was lost due to the fragile nature of papyrus scrolls and the damp Greek climate. - After the death of Alexander the Great, Greek civilization and its alphabet became influential throughout the whole world. - The Latin alphabet came to the Romans from Greece by wayRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesproblems faced by America and his helplessness in coming up with solutions): Photoshopped †¢ Inherent bias/political slants †¢ E.g. Fox news channel headed by Republican supporters often portray Democrats in a negative light. Fox’s anchorman compared the logo of the recent nuclear technology forums, approved by President Obama, with the Muslim crescent, accusing Obama of having Muslim inclinations. The logo, in fact, was a representation of the scientific atom and had nothing to do with religion

Virgin Blues Competitive Advantage free essay sample

Introduction Virgin Blue is the low-fare/high quality carrier, one of the leading airways in Australian airline industry. Its objective has been established itself as Australias leading low-fares scheduled passenger airline through continued improvements and expanding offerings of its low-cost service and caters to customers who are after an economical, yet reliable airline. Virgin Blue was launched on August 3, 2000. Having only starting with two aircrafts, it has since expanded to all major Australian cities and favoured holiday destinations (Virgin, 2007). Virgin stands for value for money, quality, innovation, fun and a sense of competitive challenge (Virgin, 2007). 2. Strategic management and strategic competitiveness In this context, VB has built strong strategic competitiveness in Strategic management. Strategic management is an endeavour to examine wealth creation and capture it by firm. Firms should be aware of their business level and should struggle to maintain or to expand their competitive advantage. Strategic competitive advantage is gained when the firm fully achieves core-value implementation. However, due to the advent of 21st century’s rapid, changeable and uncertain environment landscape, firms may encounter strategic discontinuities. In order to navigate effectively in this new competitive landscape, firms have to develop strategic flexibility and competitive advantage while building dynamic core competences, performing strategic leadership, employing valuable strategies, implement new strategic structures and so forth. VB has built strong competitive advantage by low leisure fare, offering corresponding quality compared to other airlines by innovations and services. However due to the quick responses of other airlines and the entrant of new low-fare provider, the VB’s competitive advantage is getting threatened. 3. External Environment Like every other organisations, external influences will always be presented. Virgin Blue has learnt firsthand how external influences can influence organisational behaviour. These external environments consist of general, industry competitor analysis which each presents factor/conditions of firm, affects firm’s profitability and predicts the dynamic of the competitors. As or VB, technological and global segments can be indirectly effected in general environmental term since it is strongly related to their profits. VB has to keep in pace with the existing technology and seek ways to survive within global competitors. Airline industry’s entry barrier is quite high which makes the industry seem attractive, hence, the competition between the airlines are somehow fierce. Australian domestic market is facing renewed competition due to the Singapores Tiger Airway and Tiger Airway is in an effort to break the cosy duopoly of Qantas and Virgin Blue. VB has to analysis and understand rivalry competitor’s capabilities and current strategy in order to stay in the track. 4. Internal Environment The internal environment consists of the inherent competencies of the firm and the structure of its internal systems and processes. It is imperative for the organization to conduct an internal analysis to obtain a clear picture regarding its strengths and weaknesses. This helps the organization to design suitable strategies towards leveraging its strength to gain sustainable competitive advantage in the market. VB has achieved its core competency by cutting costs by limiting the number of airports serviced, operating one type of aircraft, the Boeing 737,paying employees less than its major rival Qantas and successful outsourcing.. A continuous focus on cost-containment and operating efficiencies is a critical aspect of the Virgin Blues success. VB obviously has chose â€Å"Low-Cost† strategy and VB has created value to customers by providing as high quality and low cost carrier. VB supplies its own customer and ground handling services at its busiest airports but outsources these functions at other airports. It also outsources catering at all airports, some maintenance services, and the overflow from its call centers (Virgin Blue 2003). VB is more flexible about the implementation of a thirty-minute flight close out notion. VB also has announced  a program to offset its greenhouse gas emissions relating to save global nature or reduce carbon emissions, which increased company’s image and passenger number. Yet, to have sustainable core competencies, VB will have to create innovative ideas that are costly to imitate or non-substitutable in order to attract more customers and to lower the price since having low cost itself as a core competency is risky and insufficient to survive in this turbulent globalized . society. 5. Business level Strategies An organizations core competencies should be focused on satisfying customer needs or preferences in order to achieve above average returns. This is done through Business-level strategies. Business level strategies detail actions taken to provide value to customers and gain a competitive advantage by exploiting core competencies in specific, individual product or service markets. Business-level strategy is concerned with a firms position in an industry, relative to competitors and to the five forces of competition. VB is implementing cost leadership strategy, concentrating on searching for ways to lower the cost, providing satisfactory quality at the same time. It was achieved by homogeneous aircraft fleets, simple business processes and superior method of outsourcing. Successfully implementing and maintaining this strategy needs constant focus on driving costs lower relative to the competitors. However, making use of cost leadership is risk-free, as seen in present state, Tiger airway has caught the cost advantage of VB with differentiations, while Qantas still leading the airline industry. 6. Conclusion In conclusion, Virgin Blues idea: That people would fly a lot more, if it costs a lot less turned out to work brilliantly. VB’s growth has been not only been impressively fast, it’s also been based on developing good ideas through excellent management principle rather than on acquisition. VB looks opportunities where they can offer something better, fresher and more valuable and seize them. Also, Virgin Blues is reported to be Australia’s most on time airline. Steven Townend, Chief Commercial Officer and Deputy Managing Director of BOC Aviation said that â€Å"Virgin Blue is an established name in the Australian market for business and leisure travel†.

Kraft and Cadbury Merger free essay sample

What is the role of the government in this merger? What is the impact on the shareholders, what are their thoughts about it and is it a successful merger or not. Other than Kraft and Cadbury four aspects of doing business internationally has been discussed and their influence in an international business career. 1. 1 How and why Kraft identified Cadbury as a potential partner? On 19th January 2010 Kraft the American Giant, acquired Cadbury the most popular and one of the most selling brand in chocolates for $11. 5bn. The reason for Kraft to identify Cadbury as its potential partner and even after Cadbury rejected its first bid on 7th September 2009, and then came up with a higher bid, was that Kraft wanted to bring in the most loved British Chocolates to USA, because the chocolates that America produces are only loved by American’s and are not so loved around the world, while they targeted the British company because they make better chocolates plus they wanted to get into the British market and to get into the British market remaining into the food industry they could not identify a better option than acquiring Cadbury by merging these two companies one they capture the British market of dairy food plus they introduce their products into Britain and the Cadbury products into USA having the plus points of both cultures. Expected benefits Kraft is the second largest Food beverage company in the world, which produced revenue of 49. billion USD in the year 2010 (Kraftfoodscompany, (2011) and is operating in more than 150 counties worldwide and has an Employee number of around 100,000. Where as Cadbury on the other hand is the second largest Confectionary Company in the world, which produced revenue of 5. 38 billion USD in the year 2008 (Cadbury annual report, 2008) and has a very strong hold in Asia Pacific and Latin America and has an Employee number of around 70,000. When these two giants combine, one American Giant and other British Giant, they both can conquer the food industry if they both are managed well. In 2010 Kraft already made revenue increase of 0. 7 billion USD from 2008 to 2010 after the take over of Cadbury (CNN, 2011). Kraft and Cadbury can both work very well and can avail a lot of benefits from each other provided that both them work together, because Kraft has its own management too large in scale and Cadbury as well. 1. 3 Synergies for both companies involved? After the merger of Kraft and Cadbury, both companies are expected to have revenue synergies and have an increase of the net revenue of up to 5% or more. They are targeting the long-term output for it. Which as a result will increase the net revenue. The combined company (Kraft and Cadbury) is targeting to increase their per share cost in 2011 of approximately $0. 05 and on the basis of cash. These two companies combined can make a lot of revenue. Parliament publication, 2012) Other than that Cadbury has other channels of gaining revenue like gas filling stations, corner shops which are well being forced by Cadbury and on the other hand Kraft has a strong hold on supermarkets and groceries. As they are merged now the overall distribution will be higher for Kraft and Cadbury and their revenue will increase. Both of the companies has opposite markets that they have captured for Cadbury they have a large influence in Asia, Africa, Mexico and Turkey and for Kraft they have more influence in Brazil and China. By combining together they both can capture almost every market around the globe. The total value of the British chocolate confectionery sector amounts to approximately EUR 3. 9 billion. In the UK, the parties activities overlap only in the markets of tablets and pralines. Kraft is active in tablets and pralines mainly with its brands Milka, Toblerone and Terrys chocolate Orange, and Cadbury with its brands Dairy Milk, Roses and Green amp; Black. (http://ec. europa. eu/competition/mergers/cases/decisions/m5644_20100106_20212_en. pdf page 9 ) (Kraft Foods Official 2011 Report) 1. 4 The risks associated with the choice of acquisition as an approach to this particular ‘partnership’ The first and last risk which is associated with this particular partnership is of keeping their word. The official position of the Fairtrade Foundation is the following: The Fairtrade Foundation is very proud of our relationship with Cadbury, and what we have achieved together, including the conversion of Cadbury Dairy Milk to Fairtrade in the UK and Ireland in 2009, now being extended to three other international markets Canada, Australia and New Zealand. This has had a tremendously positive public response, and is delivering major benefits to cocoa farmers in Ghana, quadrupling the amount they are able to sell on Fairtrade terms in 2010, compared to 2008. The Fairtrade Foundation and Cadbury have a shared vision for the future, and there are contractual commitments in place, which will form part of any intellectual property transfer between Cadbury and Kraft in any takeover. We believe that the progress we have made together in strengthening cocoa farmers to deliver long term sustainability of the cocoa supply chain, along with a fast growing level of consumer demand for Fairtrade products, not just in the UK but globally, present a unique and compelling case for continuing to pursue the Cadbury commitment to their Cocoa Partnership and to Fairtrade, and taking it even further in coming months and years. Treehugger, 2012) According to the Official Statement, they will perform Fairtrade for both the companies and Kraft confirmed that it would uphold Cadbury’s commitments to Fairtrade which were that: †¢ Dairy Milk will continue to be Fairtrade in the UK and Northern Ireland and in three more markets, Canada, Australia and New Zealand by early 2010; †¢ Green amp; Black’s (which is owned by Cadbury) will move its entire range to Fairtrade by the end of 2011. (http://www. publications. parliament. uk/pa/cm200910/cmselect/cmbis/234/234. df ) But no one is quiet happy with the outcome of the merger. Because Kraft did not really act upon what they stated to do before the merger, expression of the former first Minister of Scotland Jack McConnell asked Kraft in the Scottish Parliament to Honour the Fairtrade Part of the deal, he said There have been concerns expressed for many years that Kraft has never shown any enthusiasm for fair trade and therefore this must be under threat as a result of the takeover. (Treehugger, 2012). Warren Buffett isnt too keen now either. Discussing the CEO of Kraft, he said She thinks this is a good deal, I think its a bad deal. Mind you, he is probably not worrying about the fairtrade aspect. Cadburys 6,000 UK workers are also worried, because it is a hi risk for the workers to now work at Cadbury under the American Management which has already influenced the Cadbury management. 1. 5 Feasible alternative? The most feasible alternative to Kraft for Cadbury was Hershey Chocolates, which is also an American Chocolate brand. In 2009 before the hostile takeover of Cadbury by Kraft, Cadbury talked to Hershey personal to include themselves in the bid so they can recommend Hershey over Kraft to its shareholders and are taken over by Hershey, but unfortunately Hershey did not want to be the part of the bidding war over Cadbury with Kraft because Hershey is its self weighing up. Even for Kraft Hershey was a good alternative over Cadbury because both are American Companies and would understand eachother easily rather than taking over a company is a completely different region, Ferrero maker of Rocher chocolate and Nutella is also a very good alternative for Cadbury but at the time of bid according to Trevor Datson the spokesperson for Cadbury said the company had no comment. No one at Ferrero was immediately available for comment. Involvement of National and corporate cultures Neither is the Nation nor the Corporate section is happy with the merger of the both companies, because for public there is a fear of cutting off more than 6000 jobs is Britian and more than 46,000 globally so people working at Cadbury are really afraid to work at it and other than employees the Corporate personal are also in fear of that the world leading brands like Dairy Milk, Flake and Wipsa are at risk with this merger and the shareholder are also not very happy with the $11. 5 bn deal. Critical Evaluation of both the companies about this Partnership Both of the companies had their own management and their own way of doing business around the world. As Kraft is majorly dairy products maker and is being loved by that around the world. Where as Cadbury is also a very well known name in the chocolate industry, because a lot of people in United Kingdom and at other major parts of the world such as Asia and Africa Cadbury is really loved for chocolate. As through the analysis this is a very hostile takeover i. e. , between Kraft and Cadbury, after taking over Cadbury Kraft accepted some of the points that they will do and keep is at it is and after that takeover they did not manage to fulfill those commitments which lead to misunderstanding between these two companies after their merger. As Kraft agreed that they will stick to Faretrade organization and to keep the same cocoa supplier as Cadbury had before and before the merger Cadbury was to close one of their plants but after merger Kraft did not do so and now they are facing these problems which are not very good in the long run for both of the companies. Involvement Of the Government In this hostile takeover not just the employees and shareholders but also the government, had and also has issues with this mergers. With the merger of Kraft Foods and Cadbury a number of important issues have bin highlighted in the way through which the foreign takeovers of UK companies are conducted.

Evaluation Essay Movie - An Easy Introduction

Evaluation Essay Movie - An Easy IntroductionEvaluation essay sample movie is a great way to get started. For some reason, the film industry seems to be obsessed with writing a wide variety of examples of one kind or another. Many of these examples are designed to give you an idea of what an actor or actress is like. And even though it's true that these people are often complex, it's still nice to see their lives portrayed.But in addition to this, writing an analysis essay sample movie is also a good way to start a conversation. If you're a student or teacher, it may not seem like it to you but all of your students are going to want to see how you write. In fact, if you were to give your own analysis of the essay, they may actually want to read it. Even your teachers will enjoy it and learn from it. So keep your eyes open for opportunities like this.This is especially true when it comes to analyzing a report, such as an evaluative essay movie example. And what's most important about this, of course, is that if you do write one yourself, your students and your colleagues will think you're incredibly clever. And that's why it's so important to get started early, before they ever get to know you.Of course, a good way to get started is to find an evaluative essay movie example that fits the scope of your needs. Look for a story that speaks to you personally, or maybe in a genre that's comfortable to you.There are many formats, and most of them are fairly common format. For example, you could use the following to give you an idea of the different types of analysis essay movies available. The examples could range from a story to a fantasy, but they would all have a serious message. These messages include the message that any particular person's talents or emotions can be used in a good and effective way.It could be a message that you've learned a lot in your life, or that you hope someone will learn in theirs. However you find the message, it's still important to see that it's something that can help your readers' understanding of the facts of the evaluation essay. Perhaps they will come away with more knowledge after reading it.So, if you'd like to write a movie example for your own purposes, be sure to keep that as simple as possible. Be sure to keep it appropriate for your audience. Keep it as short as possible. But make sure that it helps your readers to become more aware of the world around them, in whatever genre it may be.

The Proposed Legalization Of Same-sex Marriage Is One Of The Essays

The proposed legalization of same-sex marriage is one of the most significant issues in contemporary American family law. Presently, it is one of the most vigorously advocated reforms discussed in law reviews, one of the most explosive political questions facing lawmakers, and one of the most provocative issues emerging before American courts. If same-sex marriage is legalized, it could be one of the most revolutionary policy decisions in the history of American family law. The potential consequences, positive or negative, for children, parents, same-sex couples, families, social structure public health, and the status of women are enormous. Given the importance of the issue, the value of comprehensive debate of the reasons for and against legalizing same-sex marriage should be obvious. Marriage is much more than merely a commitment to love one another. Aside from societal and religious conventions, marriage entails legally imposed financial responsibility and legally authorized financial benefits. Marriage provides automatic legal protections for the spouse, including medical visitation, succession of a deceased spouse's property, as well as pension and other rights. When two adults desire to "contract" in the eyes of the law, as well a perhaps promise in the eyes of the Lord and their friends and family, to be responsible for the obligations of marriage as well as to enjoy its benefits, should the law prohibit their request merely because they are of the same gender? I intend to prove that because of Article IV of the United States Constitution, there is no reason why the federal government nor any state government should restrict marriage to a predefined heterosexual relationship. Marriage has changed throughout the years. In Western law, wives are now equal rather than subordinate partners; interracial marriage is now widely accepted, both in statute and in society; and marital failure itself, rather than the fault of one partner, may be grounds for a divorce. Societal change have been felt in marriages over the past 25 years as divorce rates have increased and have been integrated into even upper class families. Proposals to legalize same-sex marriage or to enact broad domestic partnership laws are currently being promoted by gay and lesbian activists, especially in Europe and North America. The trend in western European nations during the past decade has been to increase legal aid to homosexual relations and has included marriage benefits to some same-sex couples. For example, within the past six years, three Scandinavian countries have enacted domestic partnership laws allowing same-sex couples in which at least one partner is a citizen of the specified country therefore allowing many benefits that heterosexual marriages are given. In the Netherlands, the Parliament is considering domestic partnership status for same-sex couples, all major political parties favor recognizing same-sex relations, and more than a dozen towns have already done so. Finland provides governmental social benefits to same-sex partners. Belgium allows gay prisoners the right to have conjugal visits from same-sex partners. An overwhelming majority of European nations have granted partial legal status to homosexual relationships. The European Parliament also has passed a resolution calling for equal rights for gays and lesbians. In the United States, efforts to legalize same-sex domestic partnership have had some, limited success. The Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc. reported that by mid-1995, thirty-six municipalities, eight counties, three states, five state agencies, and two federal agencies extended some benefits to, or registered for some official purposes, same-sex domestic partnerships. In 1994, the California legislature passed a domestic partnership bill that provided official state registration of same-sex couples and provided limited marital rights and privileges relating to hospital visitation, wills and estates, and powers of attorney. While California's Governor Wilson eventually vetoed the bill, its passage by the legislature represented a notable political achievement for advocates of same-sex marriage. The most significant prospects for legalizing same-sex marriage in the near future are in Hawaii, where advocates of same-sex marriage have won a major judicial victory that could lead to the judicial legalization of same-sex marriage or to legislation authorizing same-sex domestic partnership in that state. In 1993, the Hawaii Supreme Court, in Baehr v. Lewin, vacated a state circuit court judgment dismissing same-sex marriage claims and ruled that Hawaii's marriage law allowing heterosexual, but not homosexual, couples to obtain marriage licenses constitutes sex discrimination under the state constitution's Equal Protection Clause and Equal Rights Amendment. The case began in 1991 when three same-sex couples who had been denied marriage licenses by the Hawaii Department of Health brought suit in state court against the director of the department. Hawaii law required couples wishing to marry to obtain a marriage license. While the marriage license law did not explicitly prohibit same-sex marriage at that time, it

Someone i admire Essay Example

Someone i admire Essay Example Someone i admire Essay Someone i admire Essay The question should teenagers be allowed a television in their bedroom has been debated for many years now. With the forever updating technology such as; mobile phones, pods, computers and laptops television should really be the least of our parents worries. In my opinion teenagers should be allowed a television in their bedroom as long as they agree to use it in moderation and of course, fulfill that agreement. Some of the reasons a teenager should be allowed a television in their editor are; it shows them that you as parents, trust your teenage daughter or son. Being a teenager myself I know that it feels brilliant to be trusted and granted freedom. Another reason I feel teenagers should be allowed a television in their bedroom is that it would help to avoid a lot of arguments between siblings or parents on what to watch. Additionally, as parents would you rather that your teenage son or daughter was watching television in their bedroom at night or out in the streets with friends you disprove of? Personally if it were me I would prefer them watching television. Another example could be; as a parent would you rather you teenager was watching a television programmer about illegal drugs or using illegal drugs? Again if it were me I would rather they were watching television. Television can also help discourage the use of things such as; drugs, cigarettes or alcohol as sometimes it shows the effects or consequences on people. Even though there are scenes of violence, sex, drug abuse and such, scenes of this nature can also be viewed on other electronic gadgets such as; mobile phones or computers. There are also a lot of violent and inappropriate video games these days which can be in the bedroom, therefore surely if televisions are not allowed in the bedroom no electronic devices should be. By not allowing teenagers to have any electronic equipment in their bedroom they may feel you are taking away their freedom and making their privacy a minority. I feel that television is probably one of the easiest electronic devices to monitor, this is because parents can find out what exactly is on each channel. Ultimately it is gadgets like mobile phones, tablet computers and laptops we should be worried about. Firstly they are much harder to monitor and secondly, a teenager is much more likely to stay up social networking or testing that watching television. Overall I think parents should allow teenagers to have a television in their bedrooms provided that they get enough sleep, get all their school work done and listen to their parents.

Working Relationships between the National Health Service and the Essay

Working Relationships between the National Health Service and the Independent Sector in the UK - Essay Example According to the study despite its small share in the market, the independent sector in the UK has had a significant effect on the NHS. For instance, it has helped ensure that NHS preserves the quality while minimizing costs. Debate concerning the independent sector indulgence in NHS regularly gives the image that the sector’s portion of activity in NHS is more crucial in scale than it is in the case. Presently, the independent sector indulgence (excluding mental health, dentistry, and GP practices) remains principally static at approximately 5% of the conventional clinical services. The aforementioned figure does not include GP and dentistry practices. It is important to note that GP practices are privately owned small business and they conduct 98% of NHS general practice activities despite regarding themselves as a portion of the NHS. Study conducted recently indicates that there are close to 315 independent GP practices of the total 8,300 practices in England. Within the co nventional clinical services, the main type of activity is the elective care. This paper declares that elective care in this case entails non-emergency and pre-arranged care, which also includes scheduled surgery. As stated before, 3.5% of the procedures are conducted by the independent sector, either by specialist treatments centres or in private hospitals. Despite having a small share of the entire market, impact of the participation of the independent sector for several decades has been considerable, especially in some specialists, for instance, in orthopaedics and ophthalmology. In these two specialists, there are had been far-reaching benefits in terms of patient satisfaction, cost, and quality and the market share have been higher. The Benefits of Working Collaboratively With Other Members of the Multidisciplinary Team With the increased number of people seeking health care, there is a need for the different partners in the health care to collaborate and work in tandem for the achievement of a common objective, that is, the provision of better health care services. According to NHS Partners Network, the independent sectors do have a smaller share in the provision of primary care.

Week 4 Assignment 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Week 4 Assignment 5 - Essay Example The student should be motivated to use self-statements to control anger. The statements can be like â€Å"I can manage this situation†, â€Å"I will count to ten† etc. Multicultural infusion- In this lesson plan knowledge about the varied culture and background people’s knowledge will be imparted so that the student can mingle and adapt to a wide group, thus accepting the individual differences. The student is able to feel calmness in mind by learning to play music and appreciating art by either directly getting involved in it or just by looking at it. The student when gets anger is able to vent out his anger by sketching. The student will show the ability to laugh by poking fun at a situation (by not harming others sentiments) or is able to cool down his anger by telling a joke. Laughter is one of the best medicines for controlling anger. The student is able to discuss his problems with his family; teacher and friends regarding his cause of anger as sharing problems and feelings makes oneself feel better and at peace with mind. Solutions are also expected by sharing of

A detailed case study on the Rolls-Royce company

A detailed case study on the Rolls-Royce company Evolution of Rolls-Royce The glorious inception of car manufacturing business was pioneered by F.H. Royce and C.S. Rolls when they met in 1904 and in 1906 the company ROLLS-ROYCE Ltd was formed to unveil the six-cylinder Silver Ghost which, within a year, was acclaimed as the best car in the world. In 1914 the First World War necessitates aero engine the Eagle, designed by Royce was used in the air war by the allies. Later the company underwent diverse advancement towards improved aero-engine, gas turbine. Subsequently after acquisitions and mergers of other companies Rolls-Royce emerged as the only company in Britain proficient in delivering power for use in the air, at sea and on land. (See appendix for details) Rolls-Royce (2010) 1.2 Rolls -Royce at the present ROLLS-ROYCE GROUP PLC is a public limited company incorporated on 21st march 2003 and is registered in England under the UK companies Act 1985 having registered office in 65, Buckingham Gate, London in United Kingdom. The registration number of the company is 04706930. (Companieshouse 2010). ROLLS-ROYCE GROUP PLC is listed on LSE. It is a global conglomerate and world-leading provider of power solutions for consumer in aerospace, marine and energy markets. Today it is the worlds second largest civil aero engine company, the worlds second largest defence aero engine company, a global leader in marine propulsion and a leading supplier of energy solutions. 1.3 Stakeholders and Rolls-Royce Stakeholders are the person or group or organization that has direct or indirect stake in organization because it can affect or be affected by the organisations actions, objectives, decisions and policies. (Freeman,1984, pp.25) Stakeholders are Shareholders, customers, suppliers and distributors, employees, local communities. Management holds fiduciary relationship with its stakeholders and work for retaining interest of stakeholders at large. (Friedman Miles, 2006, p.1) The board of directors manages work of the company on behalf of the company. In Rolls-Royce the board is accountable to companys stakeholders regarding performance of company, the approval of certain matters which affect the shape and risk profile of the Company like the annual budget and performance targets, the financial statements, payments to shareholders, major capital investments and any substantial change to balance sheet management policy etc. Shareholders, customers, suppliers, employees constitute essential part of stakeholders in Rolls-Royce. Suppliers are valuable to the Rolls Royce Group and it follows the Supply Chain Relationships in Aerospace (SCRIA) to protect the interest of the suppliers as it provides the best possible terms from suppliers and when entering into binding purchasing contracts, gives consideration to quality, delivery, price and the terms of payment. As the Company is a holding company and does not itself trade, it owed no amounts to trade creditors at December 31, 2009 and therefore the number of creditor days required to be shown in Annual report to comply with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006 is nil. (Rolls-Royce, Annual Report, 2009, pp.78) Financial statements are prepared by Rolls Royce in accordance with IFRSs, GAAP as adopted by the EU and UK respectively and as per requirements of the Companies Act 2006; and, as regards the Group financial statements, Article 4 of the IAS Regulation. Rolls-Royce maintains an effective corporate governance framework that protects investors and aspires to deliver long-term value to shareholders. (Rolls-Royce, Annual Report, 2009, pp.70-71) Rolls-Royce in AGM highlighted key business developments during the year and discussed about crucial matters like declaration of dividend, appointment of directors and auditors, consider accounts, giving shareholders opportunity to ask questions regarding the company they are holding. (Rolls-Royce, Annual Report, 2009, pp.75-76) COMPANY AND INTERACTION WITH STAKEHOLDERS 2.1 Legal Form As a whole trading entity can be branched out as Sole traders, Partnerships, Limited partnerships, Limited liability partnerships, Limited by Guarantee companies, unlimited companies, Public companies. As per UK Companies Act four types of companies exist. Formation of company helps the owner to limit the liability as company differs from the person as far as concept of corporate personality (separate legal entity which is distinct from the owner) is concerned. But when it is necessary to protect the stakeholders interest from fraud and deception of management the corporate veil of company is lifted. In limited liability companies the owner or partners are not personally answerable and liable for potential losses of the company. Unlike these companies, sole traders and partnership firm cannot exercise the scope of funds for expansion (Black, 2004, p.67). RR is public limited company with option of raising fund from public and preferred to be group of companies. When a company holds the shares of another company, former company is holding company that owns shares in subsidiary company, the later one. In group of company under one holding company various subsidiary companies inhabit. Sometimes group of companies appear as a result of the merger and acquisition of a new company. When a company merges with or acquires numerous companies E+W+S+N.I. it is quite unmanageable to keep accounting books and records, prepare annual accounts and to hold an Annual General Meeting of shareholders for those companies under one company head. Establishment of group companies reduces hazards of risky business through a subsidiary to limit the groups exposure to the risk. (The National Archives, 2010) Options/Help RR is the holding company and does not trade on its own account. The groups chief operating subsidiary is RR. Entire business actions of the group are performed by RR and its subsidiaries. RR shares its registered office with RR group PLC but with different company registration number 1003142 under the UK companies Act 1985. Other companies which are indirectly held by the group incorporated within the UK and outside UK can be segregated under different heads like civil aerospace, marine, energy, corporate. There are also a variety of companies which can be held as Joint venture and associates. (See Appendix 2) (Rolls-Royce, 2010) 2.2 Corporate Governance in Rolls Royce Recent corporate scams and fraudulent activities of large company like Enron in US, Polly Peck plc and Mirror Group plc in UK became noticeable and consequently Sarbanes-Oxley Act appeared in July 2002. To prevent the deception and misleading activities of companys strong presence of corporate governance with constituent like participation of BOD and committees are essentials. RR prioritises corporate governance at highest level for the reason that stakeholders interest is controlled, managed and directed by the company. The Company is exposed to the Combined Code on Corporate Governance published in June 2008 by the Financial Reporting Council (the Combined Code). (Rolls-Royce, Annual Report, 2009, pp.66) It is the board which is responsible for managing company and day to day operation of business and accountable to stakeholders. The BOD of Rolls-Royce comprises of fourteen directors with the non-executive Chairman, the Chief Executive, eight non-executive directors and four other executive directors thereby complying the regulation regarding corporate governance. Board Effectiveness The board takes special care to retain independence of non executive directors to strengthens corporate governance and protect stakeholders because the non-executive directors represent stakeholders interests. One of the most important facts is that the non-executive directors are not employees and do not participate in the daily business management of the Group. (Rolls-Royce, Annual Report, 2009, pp.70) The non executives are highly considerable as they are independent in character and judgment with relevant expert knowledge and determination of good governance and high standard of investor relation. (Dunne Morris pp7-10) Different committees have been set up to determine effective and successful governance practice with corporate responsibility towards stakeholders. These Committees play a critical role reviewing, formulating and recommending governance principles concerning business. COMMITTEES These committees support the company for improved business maneuver. Along with this company has properly identified various risks which are properly mitigated through measure for better governance. (Details in section 4) In Annual report of Rolls-Royce disclosures are made fulfilling the factors as depicted by the Companys Act 2006 (applied to the Plc which is listed in LSE) such as Business review must contain information on future development, performance and position of the business environmental issues, employees and social issues contractual and other arrangement (Rolls-Royce, Annual Report, 2009, pp.1-65) and in addition to this the company website contains annual report and accounts, results of the polled votes at AGM and result of the fact that the company gives certain minority shareholders the right to require independent scrutiny of any polled vote to abide by the regulation.(Rolls-Royce 2010) Abovementioned administration of corporate governance not only helps the shareholder to identify the companys risk profile, structure, culture, vision and course of action to invest further but also helps other stakeholders to meet their needs and obligations. 3. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS RR uses pre tax discount rate for the present value calculation of future cash flows and inventory, work in progress is calculated in first in first out basis. RR has considered net realisable value is selling price minus costs incurred by marketing, selling and distribution. Cash flow projection in goodwill calculation is under assumptions of defined discount rates, growth rates, foreign exchange rates and WACC at 12.75. In order book calculation RR has excluded the future order option on top of the placed orders. These best practices are common for going concern and conforming Section 418 of the Companies Act 2006. (Annual report, 2009) 3.1 Financial Statements In this report financial analysis is done through ratio analysis of provided financial statements. Financial statements have been prepared based on IFRS, which is issued by IASB. This preparation is common for EU and onset of UK GAAP. (Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, 2003) 3.2 Ratio analysis Ratio analysis is a tool for financial analysis to evaluate firms, industries. Ratio analysis helps to find the trend as well as to compare among the competitors using the financial statements. Mainly five types of ratios are helpful to judge different financial aspects. These ratios are liquidity, asset management, debt management, profitability and market value. All the ratios are important but value and importance differ with the company and industry. Like debt management ratio will be important for higher borrowed firm to judge the bankruptcy risk. (Brigham Houston, 2009) Revenue, Gross Profit and Operating Profit have increased from 2008 to 2009. In 2009 RR has turnaround from loss to huge profit. Even company earning changed from negative to positive. This change in profit is mainly due to the huge decrease of financing costs from 3186 million  £ to 491 million  £. In 2009 RR has managed to get big amount of financing income. There is a no significant change in balance sheet item except the considerable amount of reduction of other financial liabilities. Net asset of RR has changed significantly due to the noticeable decrease in liabilities. (Historical Prices, 2010) RR has outperformed both LSE and BOE return for last 12 months period. From our previous financial analysis we found RRs good performance and growth in revenue which is mainly based on accounting figures but ultimately reflected in market also. RR is the market leader and main competitors are Dassault Aviation, Saab AB and MTU Aero Engines. RRs aero engine business serves two distinct market segments like new engine sales to Boeing and Airbus Industries engine parts sales to maintenance companies. So RR caters both primary and secondary markets. In this market the competition is distributed in commercial and technical side, which is also catered by General Electric and Pratt Whitney. Company has increased market share from10% in 1970 by investing in RD for new engine development and also for better services. Overall the market is oligopolistic and capital intensive. The key determinants for sustainable competitiveness are technology, RD outcome. (Annual report, 2009) 3.4 Strategy Recommendation RR has five key strategies like four market segments, better technology, competitive portfolio, increasing market share and value added services. RR has strong brand, domain knowledge, integrated system and operational excellence to implement these strategies. (Our strategy, 2010) SWOT (Porter, 2008) RR is in such industry where the numbers of buyers are very less so this is quite price makers type market or more easily can be said that the price of products of RR is set by buyers. But recently with increase in global carriers the demand is uptrend but here life long guarantee in engines are desirable. In supplier side RR follows the dual sourcing strategy so the power of suppliers reduced and high precision can be reached. Very high entry barrier is there to this industry, where brand reputation and domain knowledge is very key determinants of success. There is no substitute of engines and aerospace. (Data source from Annual report, based on own analysis and see exhibit 5 for details) Recommendation From above strategic and financial analysis, it is recommended that RR is strong in operation but few segments are not performing well, so few strategies are to be taken to increase the key indicators. 4. INTERNAL PROCESS AND STRUCTURES Some companies operate better in competitive environment than other due to implementation of their strategy on organization. Organisational structure does not mean only having best team with best skills to execute particular achievement but organistional effectiveness can be attained by closely interacting and interlinking them through finding creative solutions to execute business operation. Organisational Effectiveness is the result of effective interplay of a companys vision and strategic goals with the chosen structural design, processes, assigned responsibilities, available skills, knowledge and capabilities, and reliable performance measure. (Dressler pp.43) Combination of strategic perspective and core categories of Organisational Effectiveness creates strategic framework. Strategic management process is completed by carry out strategic direction setting, strategic alignment and strategic control. 4.1 Internal control and risk management Internal control and risk management procedure of Rolls Royce is very neatly framed to detect, monitor, manage and mitigate risks arising both from financial and operational viewpoint. The internal control system manages and thrives to eliminate failure of attainment of business goal. The risk committee is observant to the system of risk management and is responsible for reporting the principal risks , for implementing the Boards policies on risk and internal control and reviews the results of the risk management process to diminish them. The audit committee reviews credit, market or liquidity risks. The ethics committee reviews those risks which significantly affects ethical part happens to be threats to reputation to esteemed company. The day-to-day management activity involves risks and risks which operates at all levels in the Group flows from upper section of management towards subordinate It is every managers responsibility is to be attentive to indulge in risk mitigating activ ities whatever business decision they takes. (Rolls-Royce Annual Report 2009, pp74) 4.2 Procedure of Risk management Risks are recognized and identified to update in framework of risk register so that management can review to assess them for subsequent reduction of risk. The company has followed a consistent strategy for twenty years and investment in technology for future growth in a good way. As a result of this strategy, Rolls-Royce today has a broad customer base comprising more than 600 airlines, 4,000 corporate and utility aircraft and helicopter operators, 160 armed forces, more than 2,000 marine customers, including 70 navies, and energy customers in nearly 120 countries, with an installed base of 54,000 gas turbines. Rolls-Royce having 38,000 skilled employees in offices, manufacturing and service facilities with presence in 50 countries the group is thriving for developing employee skills. (Rolls-Royce) The company is continuing in sustaining development of the Companys strategy to bring long term value for investor within an acceptable risk profile. It also keeps eye on the monitoring of the strategy implementation along with retaining safeguard of the values of the Company, including its brand and corporate reputation and the safety of its products. 4.3 Implementation in Rolls-Royce Aforementioned diagram shows the strategy for entire business process as a whole highlighting on technology, infrastructure, and development of competitive portfolio of products and services, closeness to customer, brand, organic growth, partnership and acquisition through last twenty years. 4.4 Balance score Card Balance score card is a set of measures that gives top managers a fast but comprehensive view of business, a tool for measurement of business performance. (Kaplan and Norton, 1992) the model has four perspectives Financial perspective, Customer perspective, internal business perspective, Innovation and learning perspective. The customer perspective detects goals for time, quality, performance and service which has effect on the customer. (Harvard Business Review, 992, p.73). Internal business perspective recognizes the processes and competences are identified arising from the most important issues for customers. (Harvard Business Review, 1992, pp.74-75). Innovation and learning perspective is referring to the ability of a company to innovate, improve and learn ties directly to the companys value (Harvard Business Review, 1992, p. 76). From the financial perspective, financial performance indicating companys strategy, implementation and execution are measured to measure profit improvement (Harvard Business Review, 1992, pp.77). All perspectives categorise goals and measures to be made available. Through the Balanced Scorecard, the strategy of a business can be communicated clearly and ensured that all employees follow the same goals (California Management Review, 1996, p.57). Training in RR improved employee skills, which helps to maintain the core competencies of RR in tradition. This Internal quality along with higher productivity and online delivery gives limited customers of RR to maintain long term relation. ROCE of last three years is on an average consistent, which is maintained due to this cascading effect. (California Management Review, 1996, p.66) CONCLUSION Rolls-Royce emphasizes transparency and high standard of governance, ethics and integrity. The brand of Rolls-Royce symbolizes reliability, integrity and innovation and is most valuable asset of the company than their engineering excellence. Fabricating grand product and delivering services is not enough in current competitive market but it is the trust which is established through years by virtue of response of Rolls-Royce to the needs of customers building enduring relationships with customers, partners and other stakeholders consequently made them worlds leading-edge, international power system company. Financial position is improving from last year but key indicators and from strategic point of view Rolls-Royce should think of market portfolio. Product line and services are as per leaders approach but except civil aerospace, other segments are with lesser growth and prospect. ANNEXURE 6.1 References Books Brigham, E.F Houston, J.F. (2009) Fundamentals of Financial Management. Florence, KY: Cengage Learning. Retrieved from http://books.google.co.in/books?id=zepGuo84-8ACpg=PA121dq=financial+ratio+analysishl=enei=bJvXTPvrBo20vgPspYHnCQsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=8ved=0CFMQ6AEwBw#v=onepageq=financial%20ratio%20analysisf=false Bull, R. (2008) Financial Ratios. Burlington, CIMA Publishing. BLACK, G.(2004) Applied Financial Accounting and Reporting. Oxford University Press. Dressler,S. (2004) Strategy, Organizational Effectiveness and performance management. Boca Raton, Universal-Publishers. Dunne, P. Morris ,G.D. (2008) Non-Executive Directors Handbook. US, Butterworth-Heinemann FREEMAN,R.E.(1984) Strategic Management: A stakeholder Approach., Boston, Pitman. FRIEDMAN,A.L Miles, S.(2006) Stakeholders: theory and practice. Oxford University Press, Journals KAPLAN, N. NORTON, D., (1992) The Balanced Scorecard Measure That Drive Performance. Harvard Business Review, January-February pp.71-79. KAPLAN, N. NORTON, D., (1996) Linking the Balanced Scorecard to Strategy. California Management Review, 39 (1) pp.53- 79. Online Sources Annual Report. (2009) Delivering today, investing for the future. [online] Available from: http://www.rolls-royce.com/reports/2009/index.shtml [[Accessed 5th December 2010]. Companies House (2010). Select and access company information [online]Available from:www.companieshouse.gov.uk [Accessed 05/12/2010] Historical Prices. (2010) Rolls-Royce Group PLC (RR.L). [Online] Available from: http://finance.yahoo.com/q/hp?s=RR.L+Historical+Prices [Accessed 5th December 2010]. Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales. (2003) Accounting Standards. Available from: www.ifac.org/ComplianceAssessment/attachments/ICAEW_Attachment.pdf [Accessed 5th December 2010]. Porter, M.E. (2008) The Five Competitive Forces That Shape Strategy. [Online] Available from: http://hbr.org/2008/01/the-five-competitive-forces-that-shape-strategy/ar/1 [Accessed 5th December 2010]. Rolls Royce. (2010) Our strategy. [Online] Available from: http://www.rolls-royce.com/about/what_do/strategy/index.jsp [Accessed 5th December 2010]. Rolls-Royce. (2010).History Timeline[online] Available from: http://www.rolls-royce.com/about/heritage/timeline/graphical_timeline.jsp [Accessed 05/12/2010]. The National Archives (2010).The Company Act 2006 [online] Available from: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46 Rolls-Royce.( 2010). Business Overview [online] Available from: http://www.rolls-royce.com/about/what_do/business_overview/index.jsp Rills-Royce.( 2010). History Timeline[online] Available from: http://www.rolls-royce.com/Images/final_poll_figures_2010_tcm92-19721.pdf The times 100. (2000) Competing within a changing world. [Online] Available from: http://www.rolls-royce.com/Images/competition_tcm92-11184.pdf [Accessed 5th December 2010]. 6.2 GLOSSARY Financial statements are Income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement and statement of changes of equity. Turnover = Revenue from continuing operations, the figure is available from profit loss account. Operating profit= Profit on operations OR Profit from continuing operations Operating profit margin =( Operating profit / Turnover) x 100 Return on capital employed (ROCE) = (Operating profit/TALCL) x 100 TALCL= Total assets less current liabilities Asset turnover = Turnover/ TALCL Current ratio = Current assets/ Current liabilities Gearing = Long term borrowing/ TALCL x 100 Interest Cover = Profit before interest/ Interest payable Dividend Yield = Dividend per share/ Share price Earnings per Share (EPS) = Profit before dividends/ Number of ordinary shares Price/Earnings Ratio = Share price/ EPS Dividend Cover = Profit after tax / Dividends Stock Turnover = Sales/ Stock Debtors Turnover = Sales/ Debtors Creditors Turnover =Sales/ Creditors Working Capital Turnover =Sales/ Working Capital Quick or Acid Test Ratio = Current assets stock/ Current liabilities Debtors Collection Period = 365/ Debtors Turnover Creditors Payment Period = 365 / Creditors Turnover Du-Pont analysis = Financial leverage * Net profit margin * Total asset turnover Financial leverage = Total asset / Common stock equity Net profit margin = (Net profit / Turnover) x 100 Total asset turnover = Total revenue/ Total assets SOX is US Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002 Order book EU= European Union IFRS= International Financial Reporting Standards IASB= International Accounting Standards Board GAAP= Generally Accepted Accounting Practices Group= Company and its subsidiaries together referred to as the Group WACC= weighted average cost of capital 6.4 APPENDICES Appendix 1 Profitability of Rolls-Royce is measured through Return on capital employed, Operating profit can be found from Profit and Loss account but total assets less current liabilities is available at Balance sheet. Efficiency of Rolls-Royce is measured through Asset turnover, Stock Turnover, Debtors Turnover and Creditors Turnover and Working Capital Turnover. Liquidity of Rolls-Royce is measured through Current ratio. Current assets and Current liabilities figure are available at Balance Sheet. Liquidity can measure through Debtors Collection Period, Creditors Payment Period. Structure of Rolls-Royce is measured through Gearing or using Dividend Cover, Earnings per Share (EPS), Price/Earnings Ratio, Dividend Yield and Interest Cover. Higher value of acid test ratio, creditors payment period, EPS, Dividend cover, interest cover ratio, price earning ratio is better but lower value debtors collection period is good for business.