Courtroom Case Phyllis A. Roth Essay - 1558 Words

Courtroom Case: Phyllis A. Roth The author, Phyllis A. Roth, is not your ordinary feminist, because she is also a Freudian. A better term to describe Roth would be a psychoanalytic feminist. One of her works as an author can be found in the back of the book Dracula: A Norton Critical Edition. Her criticism article is titled Suddenly Sexual Woman in Bram Stoker’s Dracula. In her article she analyzes the famous novel Dracula. She explores how gender plays a role in the novel and the concept of femininity. She writes about the transformation that takes place when a proper lady turns into a sexual vampire. Her article points out where hostility toward women s sexuality is displayed in the novel, that the average reader may not pick up on. Roth has a strong argument. Let us examine Roth’s case. First, let us look at her thesis statement. The argument Roth is trying to make is that the â€Å"pre-Oedipal focus of the fantasies, specifically the child s relation with and hostility toward the mother, and to indicate how the novel’s fantasies are managed in such a way as to transform horror into pleasure. I would emphasize that for both the Victorians and twentieth century readers, much of the novel’s great appeal derives from its hostility toward female sexuality† (Roth 411). In order to understand her argument that she is trying to make, you need to understand the definition of pre-Oedipal and where the term comes from. The pre-Oedipal is a term used by Freud in his Theory ofShow MoreRelatedLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagestheir help and encouragement with this project: Clifford Anderson, Hellan Roth Dowden, Louise Dowden, Robert Foreman, Richard Gould, Kenneth King, Marjorie Lee, Elizabeth Perry, Heidi Wackerli, Perry Weddle, Tiffany Whetstone, and the following reviewers: David Adams, California State Polytechnic University; Stanley Baronett, Jr., University of Nevada-Las Vegas; Shirley J. Bell, University of Arkansas at Monticello; Phyllis Berger, Diablo Valley College; Kevin Galvin, East Los Angeles College;

My Family Is Not An Exception - 994 Words

Living in our world nowadays, we all have important and significant memories which will never be vanished, and I am not an exception. It is twenty two years from the day I was born. It is not a long time comparing with other people’s life time, but I believe it is relevant and pertinent to me to experience all juxtaposition of being blessed and cursed in the life. Having a good father who always takes care of his family, always sacrifices anything to make his family happy is my dream forever. Since I was 7 years old, the age that a child is able to realize which one is good and bad, I had participated in many situations for a really long time. My family was not prosperous at that time, so both my parents had to work grossly hard to find money and pay for our requirements. However, my dad became a gambling addict when my family just got a little property. Keep burning our own money into such a deplorable game, my mother decided to hide it, but my father was too fooled. Therefore, he beat my mother really atrocious to procure what he wanted, and my mother eventually had to give up her fire and the money to him. After that day, my mother kept asking me like â€Å"how would you feel if only you and I live together?† Without any hesitate, she and I left the house and started a new life. A year later, my father showed up again and begged my mom to forgive his fault. He said a countless florid thing to my mother, so my mother could not prevent it and lived with him once again. LaterShow MoreRelatedLIT1 Task 2 Essay998 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿LIT1 Task 2 Situation A The Family and Medical Leave Act sets regulations for job-protected leave related to family and medical reasons. FMLA applies to organizations with 50 or more employees working within 75 miles of the employee’s worksite (â€Å"Employment Laws,† n.d., para. 6). Employees who have been with their current employer for 12 months and who have worked 1250 hours of service in the previous 12 months are eligible for 12 weeks of unpaid leave through FMLA (â€Å"Eligibility RequirementsRead MoreLit1 Task 2 Essay1069 Words   |  5 PagesLIT1 Task 2 Situation A The Family and Medical Leave Act sets regulations for job-protected leave related to family and medical reasons. FMLA applies to organizations with 50 or more employees working within 75 miles of the employee’s worksite (â€Å"Employment Laws,† n.d., para. 6). Employees who have been with their current employer for 12 months and who have worked 1250 hours of service in the previous 12 months are eligible for 12 weeks of unpaid leave through FMLA (â€Å"Eligibility RequirementsRead MoreDivorce Ethics1643 Words   |  7 Pagessome exceptions when it comes to abuse. However, I think that too many people give up on their marriage without going through all of the avenues to help their marriage. Signing a prenuptial agreement makes it even easier to give up on a marriage. Things get exponentially more complicated when children are involved. It poses the question: should parents stay together for the sake of their children. As a child who comes from a family of abuse, I do not think that they should. However, my argumentRead MoreEssay On Static Members737 Words   |  3 PagesUse Static and Non-Static in My Own Programming Accordingly, now I understand static and non-static members. I can now use my knowledge to build classes that share (global) static data to each to be manipulated by each instances non-static members. This is a keen concept. Since each class groups data by subject, it makes sense each subject will share data, and act upon static data in separate ways. Depending on what type of object I’m deriving from its super-family class, it makes sense each derivedRead MoreHealth Assessment : Underage Drinking1470 Words   |  6 Pagesinternal possession may apply various statutory exceptions to these provisions. â€Å"Although all States prohibit possession of alcohol by minors, some States do not specifically prohibit underage alcohol consumption. In addition, States that prohibit underage possession and/or consumption may or may not address the issue of internal possession. Some States allow an exception to possession, consumption, or internal possession prohibitions when a family member consents and/or is present. States vary widelyRead MoreRelationship Between Working And Middle Class933 Words   |  4 PagesMy family has for the most part straddled the line between working and middle class. While mos t of my family members moved up in their careers as time went by, tragedies have struck (such as my grandfather’s early demise) that sent them tumbling down and the occasional triumph or stroke of luck has improved their financial situation and allowed them to bounce back. Of course money isn’t the only thing that has helped or hindered my family; their skin color has allowed them to maintain a place ofRead MoreThe Cycle Of Illiteracy And Illiteracy984 Words   |  4 Pageshave a ripple effect on their children. Such as, my grandfather, who was raised in Mexico and was taught that labor to provide for his family was of higher importance than education and literacy ever would be. For many people in the early days, the essential way of life was working to survive. Although people knew education could earn them a better way of life, individuals such as my grandpa settled for working hard labor to provide for his family because of the lack of education importance at th eRead MoreFlower of Service Markrting1270 Words   |  6 Pages  product.   It   also   help   Enhances   supplementary   service   by   adding    extra   value   for   the   customers,   this   two   roles   that   flower   service   play   would   be   used    in   my   basis   of   analysis   at   the   end   of   this   report.                                 First   we   look   at   a   High   contact   service   that   I   have   personally   experienceRead MoreCase Study : Two Tough Calls1171 Words   |  5 Pagesparty to the employment relationship can terminate their employment at any time for any reason. However, most states employ certain exception to employment-at-will, which may limit the rights of the employer. This section will examine certain employment-at-will exceptions, and how they apply to the case of Two Tough Calls. Public Policy Under the public-policy exception to employment-at will, an employee is wrongfully terminated when the termination is against well-established public policy of a stateRead MoreBirth Order and Its Efects on Personality1048 Words   |  5 Pagesalong, or why you are so different? I wondered the same thing until I read an article about birth orders effects on personality. This had to be why she had never spent an hour away from my parents and I havent willingly been within thirty feet of them since I was six, Why I love to read well above my grade level and my sister, a sixth grader, reads mainly Captain Underpants books when not glued to the T.V. and why we are a similar as oil and water. Before I start explaining what birth order does

Reduce Global Nitrogen Pollution - 934 Words

a) Reduce global nitrogen pollution by forcing people to become vegetarian: It is a reasonable option for only focus on nitrogen pollution solutions. Since the huge amount of consumption of agriculture turning into domestic animal production, then to animal manure will disappear when people stop to require animal meat (According to the ‘Anthropogenic Nitrogen Flow chart). Although the largest nitrogen consumption occurs in plant production, but the overall performance is largely determined by the society in the human diet (Marina and Lara. 1997). Hence, this seems to be a feasible thought, however, it cannot be put into effect due to social reasons. People have formed the fixed eating habits, it will be impossible to let meat activists abandon that habit. Furthermore, it might also harm the environment in the other way, such as more greenhouse gas emissions per calorie (Michelle S. et al. 2015). For the economic benefits of vegetarian, a vegetarian diet could offer substantial savings on the cost of food. One research shows that the vegetarians are able to save around three thousand dollars per year. Meanwhile, the elimination of pork and beef from the diet could reduce the medical expenses. The New York Times said, â€Å"The medical costs of meat consumption may be similar to the tens of billions of dollars it costs per year to care for smokers.† (Gary Null, 2011) Therefore, this proposal goes to the last of the rank. b) Invest in upgrading the urban water infrastructure inShow MoreRelatedAir Pollution : A Threat Of Humans And Nature1198 Words   |  5 PagesAir Pollution: A Threat to Humans and Nature Gary Moore states in his book Living with the Earth that one of the first recorded air pollution events in the United States happened in 1948 in Donora, Pennsylvania. Pollutants from steel manufacturing in the area caused an inversion, the phenomenon whereby cool air is trapped underneath warmer air above and air pollutants are trapped. Seventy people died and over six thousand people suffered from symptoms such as nausea, headaches, and irritation toRead MoreCauses Of Air Pollution Essay874 Words   |  4 PagesAir Pollution Poignant Matters Air pollution refers to a chemical, physical or biological alteration to the atmospheric air. It results whenever harmful gasses, smoke, or dust enters the atmosphere and in turn, hinders the survival of animals and plants as the air contains toxic substances. The survival of human beings and animals greatly depend on the combination of gasses in the atmosphere; slight disruption of this composition can cause devastating effects on their existence. An imbalance in theseRead MoreThe Effects Of Transportation On The Environment902 Words   |  4 Pagesfor transportation increases, so do the effects of transportation on the environment (Rodrigue, Comtois and Slack). It is reported that in 2013, that transportation produced over half of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides that were released into the atmosphere (Cars, Trucks, and Air Pollution). Semi-trucks use diesel, which is a fossil fuel that releases less contaminants than gasoline, however they are still causing damage to the environment (Beach). While the economy depends on transportationRead MoreFossil Fuels And Their Impact On The Environment862 Words   |  4 Pagesthe depletion of human health, but also in the air, water, and land. Emissions are a concerning contribution to other problems such as global warming and greenhouse gases as well. One of the major factors of fossil fuels are vehicles. Vehicles emit harmful gases into the air such as particulate matter, hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, greenhouse gases, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide. Emissions from vehicles are dangerous to the elderly, people who have asthmaRead MoreEthanol Effects on the Environment1265 Words   |  6 Pagescan find its way into fuel tanks of vehicles. It reduces the effect that this water has on the health of the vehicle, and as a result increases gas mileage, and also increases the amount of complete combustion. Ethanol consumption has severe drawbacks pertaining to its effect on the environment. Production of ethanol increases the formation of greenhouse gases. It also causes a problem for air pollution in cities and rural areas. Lastly, water pollution due to ethanol is escalating. As a result of theRead MoreA Brief Note On Air Pollution And Indoor Pollution1288 Words   |  6 PagesDid you know th at every year millions die from respiratory and circulatory diseases due to too much exposure from air pollution? This is becoming a global problem because of the extremely high levels of toxins and chemicals being produced. So how do we reduce air pollution? First, we all must educate ourselves and become aware of the rising health problems related to pollution. The majority of individuals today are unaware of the chronic illnesses that can occur from polluted air. There are countlessRead MoreThe Modern Global Automotive Industry Essay889 Words   |  4 Pagesautomobiles release of emissions play a huge roll in why global warming is happening. In other words, automobiles have an enormous impact on the environment. However, some new technologies are working to lesson the impact on the environment by automobiles. Some technologies are even trying to eliminate it all together. In this paper I shall discuss these topics and then talk about some consumer opinions about these topics. â€Å"Today, the modern global automotive industry encompasses the principal manufacturersRead MoreAmbient Air Pollution Is Bad For The Planet977 Words   |  4 PagesLinked to Exposure of Ambient Air Pollution Most people have heard that air pollution is bad for the planet. That pollutants we put in the air are causing this thing called â€Å"Global Warming.† The information that sometimes gets left out is the impact of ambient air pollution to the health of humans. Ambient air pollution is outdoor pollution originating from industries, cars, and trucks. These pollutants can wreak havoc on the human respiratory system (Ambient air pollution). Respiratory conditions suchRead MoreThe Pollution And Its Effects On The Environment1436 Words   |  6 Pagesarises as we use fossil fuels for vehicles, eventually releasing gases into the air contributing to ozone pollution. Ozone is emitted primarily through chemical reactions from industrial machinery and motor vehicles, acting as a harmful air pollutant at ground level. So, what is the number one cause of ozone pollution? Vehicles powered by fossil fuels are the leading cause of ozone pollution, even though they do not directly emit ozon e. Most of today’s population rely on transportation for variousRead MoreAir and Water Pollution Paper698 Words   |  3 PagesCarbon oxide and Nitrogen oxide are one of the many air pollutants this world is having problems with. As for carbon oxide and nitrogen oxide they fall into the category of a primary pollutant, or as so I believe. The reason for why I believe this is because when nitrogen oxide is let out and exposed into the air it can harm the growth of our plants and crops which results us to lose quantities of our food being grown. Also if nitrogen oxide is inhaled it can cause health complications such as asthma

Social Media Freedom Of Speech Essay - 1014 Words

â€Å"As the use of social media increases and becomes an integral part of nearly every student’s life, problems arise when student expression on these sites turns into threats against the school or other students, implicating both student safety and the speaker’s right to free speech† (Hughes 208). There’s no denying that social media has become a part of most people’s daily life. We have sites like Instagram, Twitter, Snapchat, Facebook, Reddit, YouTube, LinkedIn, etc. These websites, or apps, allow us to express ourselves in any way possible, whether it’s supporting families who lost a member in a mass shooting, trying to impeach the latest president, or donating to those who are victims of natural disasters. It’s not always that social†¦show more content†¦Walk into a library, you have a computer, you are most likely carrying a phone, at home, you most likely have a computer, laptop, tablet, or even all three. This shows t hat we have social media access at the tip of our fingers, making it so easy to open up the site or app and just type out a phrase or paragraph, letting hundreds, thousands, maybe even millions, of people know what you think. Back then, it was harder to let the nation know what you were thinking, and it took even take months before everyone knew, versus today, where the nation might know by the end of the day, and it’s because of this that companies regulate what their users are posting, attempting at keeping the online world free from threats, hate, harmful words, and more. Rutenberg quotes Jeffrey Goldberg as he says, â€Å"At a certain point I’d rather take myself off the platform where speech has become so become so offensive than advocate for the suppression of that speech† (2). Twitter also said that â€Å"everyone on Twitter should feel safe expressing diverse opinions and beliefs, but behavior that harasses, intimidates or uses fear to silence another p erson’s voice should have no place on our platform† (Rutenberg 2). With that statement, it leads to the question, when do we know that it’s an actual, legit threat or just some child play online? So far, we haven’t amended the First AmendmentShow MoreRelatedToday’S Major Media Platforms Are Defining And Developing1365 Words   |  6 PagesToday’s major media platforms are defining and developing what constitutes the Internet’s version of free speech. As a new form of expression emerges through the use of social media platforms, policymakers must regulate the censorship of posted content while still protecting the integrity of the user’s First Amendment rights. Authors Marvin Ammori, Marjorie Heins, and Jonathan Zittrain engage in synergistic conversation of censorship by mega media platforms’ evolving terms and conditions and theirRead MoreThe Delicate Balance of Regulating Freedom of Speech806 Words   |  3 PagesIs t he Freedom of the press really â€Å"free† when it comes bearing stipulations and regulations? Should we as citizens then live as a democratic society where freedom of speech and press is completely unregulated? For those readers who say yes, would you then be willing to legalize types of speech like slander or defamation of character and reputation? This is precisely the tricky and delicate balance that democratic societies like the United States often have to weigh in which different social valuesRead MoreArgumentative Essay : First Amendment Junkie By Susan Jacoby1042 Words   |  5 PagesAmber Rogers Dr. Kim Loel Argumentative Analysis of the Essay â€Å"First Amendment Junkie† by Susan Jacoby What is a First Amendment Junkie? According to author Susan Jacoby, censorship of any form is wrong. From the beginning of Jacoby’s essay, â€Å"First Amendment Junkie,† it’s obvious where she stands on the topic. Jacoby states that the people who most support the censorship of pornography are women. These women are often self-proclaimed feminists who ironically support the First Amendment. WhileRead MoreThe United States Presidential Election Of 2016 Essay1540 Words   |  7 Pageselection has left many of the American people in an uproar. Many Americans are using their right to freedom of speech to voice their opinions and show their opposition. The first amendment gives people the right to freedom of speech that we all deserve, but since the election has this right been taken a bit too far with all of the violent protests, the social media uproar and the exaggerations by the media? Although the first amendment is the key to all human rights, there is a huge threat when takenRead MoreArticle Review : On Racist Speech, By Charles R. Lawrence1639 Words   |  7 PagesThe three essays, â€Å"On Racist Speech,† â€Å"Protecting Freedom of Expression on the Campus,† and â€Å"Thinking Further about Facebook† serve the purpose to outline various incidents in which regulation of the First Amendment. In the first two essays we see regulation as a safeguard to protect against racial discrimination and in the final essay cyberbullying is brought up as a downfall arising from lack of regulation. Although touching on different subjects all three essays recognize that there is a problemRead MoreReasons For Why Diversity Within The Public Sphere1390 Words   |  6 Pageshave a diverse amount of perspectives and this benefits societies as it allows an infinite number of questions to be asked and answered. This essay will explain that diversity in the pub lic sphere by arguing that democratic societies rely on a diversity of viewpoints and that more arguments that are presented and discussed benefit the public sphere. This essay will also argue that diversity justifies policies of radical impartiality and that risks can arise from this reporting policy. When viewingRead MoreThe Amendment Of The United States Constitution833 Words   |  4 Pagesconsidered as a basic provision enshrined in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. To elaborate, the first amendment to the constitution prohibit the legislative arm of government in making of any law abridging the freedom of speech, infringing on the freedom of the press and prohibiting the petitioning for a governmental redress of grievances. Post this amendment, there have been several cases where the Supreme Court has been required to interpret or make a decision to uphold its provisionsRead MoreCivil Liberties And Civil Rights960 Words   |  4 PagesCritique Essay The balance between the duty of the government, both on a state and federal scale, and the citizens’ view of freedoms has been a continuous struggle throughout the readings. Although many members of America’s youth believe that their participation in politics is aimless, public opinion and voting are very important aspects of shaping the government. Without certain civil rights being granted by the government, these important rights of expression and suffrage would not exist. ThereRead MoreFree Speech, Media Regulation And Media And Society1320 Words   |  6 Pageshave come to the conclusion that free speech, media regulation and media and society are very controversial topics. There are many aspects of each that can be agreed or disagreed on. Breaking down each, I am going to analyze what I think about the author’s line of arguments and recommendations, as well as give my own. First, topic is free speech and I am going to start off with the essay written by John Barlow in the book Copy Fights. His opinion on free speech is that it is basic human rights andRead MoreEssay On Internet Privacy1471 Words   |  6 Pages Subhajit Debnath SUID 331531789 IST 618 Summer 2017 online Policy Essay #2 Privacy In today’s world, Privacy and Security comes hand in hand with internet. Technology allows us free speech and freedom of information over the internet, by imposing strict laws and policies regulating the privacy and security of our information. According to Richard Clarke, free expression over the internet and its privacy are two sides of the same coin (Privacy

Advancements in the Roman Empire Compared to that of the...

As one rises, another falls. Civilizations undulated in historic times more frequently than waves in an ocean; however, most of them are forgotten to this day because of their insignificant impact. The Roman and Chinese Empires were established like any other civilization, but rose to power through proper governing of the people. They later became so successful that they emulated one another in different fields of culture. The Han Dynasty was one of many dynasties in ancient China and it was able to change the outlook on society because of its radical and novel ideology based on Confucianism. During the dynasty, the emperor Wudi pushed borders and trade like no other dynasty of its kind and conquered land past Chinas century long†¦show more content†¦Most of these attributes were derived from the Grecian culture around 210 BC and disseminated all over Rome (Nardo, 60). Not only did the people contribute to the arts, but so did the government, which built bronze statues of th e emperors or Gods, like the statue of Marcus Aurelius in 175 AD, and decorated the currency with elaborate drawings (Hinds, 172). A lasting example of the Roman taste of the arts was preserved in Pompeii after the volcanic eruption. According to written documents, a museum owned by two wealthy businessmen in Pompeii was available for public viewing, which displayed the gratitude of the people of Pompeii toward their own culture (Hinds, 178). Along with the paintings, Romans had a wide variety of other arts ranging in many different fields of interest. For example, the wealthy owned papyrus scrolls and other documents that they read (Nardo, 70). Music also spread joy and was even played at special occasions, like weddings, as it is today in addition to formal concerts and theaters. Moreover, plays and theatrical arts were performed on stages by prominent actors of the field and written by even more famous writers, like Plautus and Terence (Hinds, 31). Art also played a role in advan cing the society through architecture, like the famous arches found along theaters, bridges, and other great structures. But most importantly, the Romans cherishedShow MoreRelatedModel Essay Comparison Essay Post-Classical Civilizations1304 Words   |  6 Pagesto the rise post-classical civilizations from 500 CE to 1200CE between two of the following regions- Europe, East Asia, Africa or the Middle East. Model Essay Comparison Essay Post-Classical Civilizations With the collapse of the Roman, Gupta and Han empires, the world was left in a period of chaos with little structure in most areas. However after these collapses and the interlude that followed, post-classical civilizations arose in various regions. There were various reasons for this thatRead MoreThe Dynasty Of Chinese History Essay1715 Words   |  7 PagesThe Six Dynasty period in Chinese historiography is often classified with moments of conflict, revolt, strife, famine, disunity, and not innovation. Historians and academics categorize the period as a placeholder between the more significant Han China—206 BCE to 220 CE—and the Tang dynasty—618 to 907 CE. Understandably, Han China’s military, infrastructure, and civil capabilities were rivalled only by that of the Roman Empire, and even then, the Han dynasties administrative capabilities were rivalledRead MoreThe Invention Of China s Inventions1795 Words   |  8 Pagestoo hard to write on and it was too expensive. How the paper differentiated from the papyrus was paper was flat in surface it was also white which made it easier to write on. Writing on paper was more legible and was preferred by the public when compared to the papyrus (sacu). It was not until the 3rd century AD that paper began to spread across the world, it first reached Korea. Then it was introduced to Japan around 610AD and moved to Vietnam and India in the beginning of the 16th century. By thisRead MoreEssay about Summary of History of Graphic Design by Meggs14945 Words   |  60 Pagespower of the Persian Empire. Reading and writing had become more important by this time, because the expansion of information and knowledge exceeded the ability of oral communication. - Most of the knowledge documented by the Greeks was lost due to the fragile nature of papyrus scrolls and the damp Greek climate. - After the death of Alexander the Great, Greek civilization and its alphabet became influential throughout the whole world. - The Latin alphabet came to the Romans from Greece by wayRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesproblems faced by America and his helplessness in coming up with solutions): Photoshopped †¢ Inherent bias/political slants †¢ E.g. Fox news channel headed by Republican supporters often portray Democrats in a negative light. Fox’s anchorman compared the logo of the recent nuclear technology forums, approved by President Obama, with the Muslim crescent, accusing Obama of having Muslim inclinations. The logo, in fact, was a representation of the scientific atom and had nothing to do with religion

Virgin Blues Competitive Advantage free essay sample

Introduction Virgin Blue is the low-fare/high quality carrier, one of the leading airways in Australian airline industry. Its objective has been established itself as Australias leading low-fares scheduled passenger airline through continued improvements and expanding offerings of its low-cost service and caters to customers who are after an economical, yet reliable airline. Virgin Blue was launched on August 3, 2000. Having only starting with two aircrafts, it has since expanded to all major Australian cities and favoured holiday destinations (Virgin, 2007). Virgin stands for value for money, quality, innovation, fun and a sense of competitive challenge (Virgin, 2007). 2. Strategic management and strategic competitiveness In this context, VB has built strong strategic competitiveness in Strategic management. Strategic management is an endeavour to examine wealth creation and capture it by firm. Firms should be aware of their business level and should struggle to maintain or to expand their competitive advantage. Strategic competitive advantage is gained when the firm fully achieves core-value implementation. However, due to the advent of 21st century’s rapid, changeable and uncertain environment landscape, firms may encounter strategic discontinuities. In order to navigate effectively in this new competitive landscape, firms have to develop strategic flexibility and competitive advantage while building dynamic core competences, performing strategic leadership, employing valuable strategies, implement new strategic structures and so forth. VB has built strong competitive advantage by low leisure fare, offering corresponding quality compared to other airlines by innovations and services. However due to the quick responses of other airlines and the entrant of new low-fare provider, the VB’s competitive advantage is getting threatened. 3. External Environment Like every other organisations, external influences will always be presented. Virgin Blue has learnt firsthand how external influences can influence organisational behaviour. These external environments consist of general, industry competitor analysis which each presents factor/conditions of firm, affects firm’s profitability and predicts the dynamic of the competitors. As or VB, technological and global segments can be indirectly effected in general environmental term since it is strongly related to their profits. VB has to keep in pace with the existing technology and seek ways to survive within global competitors. Airline industry’s entry barrier is quite high which makes the industry seem attractive, hence, the competition between the airlines are somehow fierce. Australian domestic market is facing renewed competition due to the Singapores Tiger Airway and Tiger Airway is in an effort to break the cosy duopoly of Qantas and Virgin Blue. VB has to analysis and understand rivalry competitor’s capabilities and current strategy in order to stay in the track. 4. Internal Environment The internal environment consists of the inherent competencies of the firm and the structure of its internal systems and processes. It is imperative for the organization to conduct an internal analysis to obtain a clear picture regarding its strengths and weaknesses. This helps the organization to design suitable strategies towards leveraging its strength to gain sustainable competitive advantage in the market. VB has achieved its core competency by cutting costs by limiting the number of airports serviced, operating one type of aircraft, the Boeing 737,paying employees less than its major rival Qantas and successful outsourcing.. A continuous focus on cost-containment and operating efficiencies is a critical aspect of the Virgin Blues success. VB obviously has chose â€Å"Low-Cost† strategy and VB has created value to customers by providing as high quality and low cost carrier. VB supplies its own customer and ground handling services at its busiest airports but outsources these functions at other airports. It also outsources catering at all airports, some maintenance services, and the overflow from its call centers (Virgin Blue 2003). VB is more flexible about the implementation of a thirty-minute flight close out notion. VB also has announced  a program to offset its greenhouse gas emissions relating to save global nature or reduce carbon emissions, which increased company’s image and passenger number. Yet, to have sustainable core competencies, VB will have to create innovative ideas that are costly to imitate or non-substitutable in order to attract more customers and to lower the price since having low cost itself as a core competency is risky and insufficient to survive in this turbulent globalized . society. 5. Business level Strategies An organizations core competencies should be focused on satisfying customer needs or preferences in order to achieve above average returns. This is done through Business-level strategies. Business level strategies detail actions taken to provide value to customers and gain a competitive advantage by exploiting core competencies in specific, individual product or service markets. Business-level strategy is concerned with a firms position in an industry, relative to competitors and to the five forces of competition. VB is implementing cost leadership strategy, concentrating on searching for ways to lower the cost, providing satisfactory quality at the same time. It was achieved by homogeneous aircraft fleets, simple business processes and superior method of outsourcing. Successfully implementing and maintaining this strategy needs constant focus on driving costs lower relative to the competitors. However, making use of cost leadership is risk-free, as seen in present state, Tiger airway has caught the cost advantage of VB with differentiations, while Qantas still leading the airline industry. 6. Conclusion In conclusion, Virgin Blues idea: That people would fly a lot more, if it costs a lot less turned out to work brilliantly. VB’s growth has been not only been impressively fast, it’s also been based on developing good ideas through excellent management principle rather than on acquisition. VB looks opportunities where they can offer something better, fresher and more valuable and seize them. Also, Virgin Blues is reported to be Australia’s most on time airline. Steven Townend, Chief Commercial Officer and Deputy Managing Director of BOC Aviation said that â€Å"Virgin Blue is an established name in the Australian market for business and leisure travel†.

Kraft and Cadbury Merger free essay sample

What is the role of the government in this merger? What is the impact on the shareholders, what are their thoughts about it and is it a successful merger or not. Other than Kraft and Cadbury four aspects of doing business internationally has been discussed and their influence in an international business career. 1. 1 How and why Kraft identified Cadbury as a potential partner? On 19th January 2010 Kraft the American Giant, acquired Cadbury the most popular and one of the most selling brand in chocolates for $11. 5bn. The reason for Kraft to identify Cadbury as its potential partner and even after Cadbury rejected its first bid on 7th September 2009, and then came up with a higher bid, was that Kraft wanted to bring in the most loved British Chocolates to USA, because the chocolates that America produces are only loved by American’s and are not so loved around the world, while they targeted the British company because they make better chocolates plus they wanted to get into the British market and to get into the British market remaining into the food industry they could not identify a better option than acquiring Cadbury by merging these two companies one they capture the British market of dairy food plus they introduce their products into Britain and the Cadbury products into USA having the plus points of both cultures. Expected benefits Kraft is the second largest Food beverage company in the world, which produced revenue of 49. billion USD in the year 2010 (Kraftfoodscompany, (2011) and is operating in more than 150 counties worldwide and has an Employee number of around 100,000. Where as Cadbury on the other hand is the second largest Confectionary Company in the world, which produced revenue of 5. 38 billion USD in the year 2008 (Cadbury annual report, 2008) and has a very strong hold in Asia Pacific and Latin America and has an Employee number of around 70,000. When these two giants combine, one American Giant and other British Giant, they both can conquer the food industry if they both are managed well. In 2010 Kraft already made revenue increase of 0. 7 billion USD from 2008 to 2010 after the take over of Cadbury (CNN, 2011). Kraft and Cadbury can both work very well and can avail a lot of benefits from each other provided that both them work together, because Kraft has its own management too large in scale and Cadbury as well. 1. 3 Synergies for both companies involved? After the merger of Kraft and Cadbury, both companies are expected to have revenue synergies and have an increase of the net revenue of up to 5% or more. They are targeting the long-term output for it. Which as a result will increase the net revenue. The combined company (Kraft and Cadbury) is targeting to increase their per share cost in 2011 of approximately $0. 05 and on the basis of cash. These two companies combined can make a lot of revenue. Parliament publication, 2012) Other than that Cadbury has other channels of gaining revenue like gas filling stations, corner shops which are well being forced by Cadbury and on the other hand Kraft has a strong hold on supermarkets and groceries. As they are merged now the overall distribution will be higher for Kraft and Cadbury and their revenue will increase. Both of the companies has opposite markets that they have captured for Cadbury they have a large influence in Asia, Africa, Mexico and Turkey and for Kraft they have more influence in Brazil and China. By combining together they both can capture almost every market around the globe. The total value of the British chocolate confectionery sector amounts to approximately EUR 3. 9 billion. In the UK, the parties activities overlap only in the markets of tablets and pralines. Kraft is active in tablets and pralines mainly with its brands Milka, Toblerone and Terrys chocolate Orange, and Cadbury with its brands Dairy Milk, Roses and Green amp; Black. (http://ec. europa. eu/competition/mergers/cases/decisions/m5644_20100106_20212_en. pdf page 9 ) (Kraft Foods Official 2011 Report) 1. 4 The risks associated with the choice of acquisition as an approach to this particular ‘partnership’ The first and last risk which is associated with this particular partnership is of keeping their word. The official position of the Fairtrade Foundation is the following: The Fairtrade Foundation is very proud of our relationship with Cadbury, and what we have achieved together, including the conversion of Cadbury Dairy Milk to Fairtrade in the UK and Ireland in 2009, now being extended to three other international markets Canada, Australia and New Zealand. This has had a tremendously positive public response, and is delivering major benefits to cocoa farmers in Ghana, quadrupling the amount they are able to sell on Fairtrade terms in 2010, compared to 2008. The Fairtrade Foundation and Cadbury have a shared vision for the future, and there are contractual commitments in place, which will form part of any intellectual property transfer between Cadbury and Kraft in any takeover. We believe that the progress we have made together in strengthening cocoa farmers to deliver long term sustainability of the cocoa supply chain, along with a fast growing level of consumer demand for Fairtrade products, not just in the UK but globally, present a unique and compelling case for continuing to pursue the Cadbury commitment to their Cocoa Partnership and to Fairtrade, and taking it even further in coming months and years. Treehugger, 2012) According to the Official Statement, they will perform Fairtrade for both the companies and Kraft confirmed that it would uphold Cadbury’s commitments to Fairtrade which were that: †¢ Dairy Milk will continue to be Fairtrade in the UK and Northern Ireland and in three more markets, Canada, Australia and New Zealand by early 2010; †¢ Green amp; Black’s (which is owned by Cadbury) will move its entire range to Fairtrade by the end of 2011. (http://www. publications. parliament. uk/pa/cm200910/cmselect/cmbis/234/234. df ) But no one is quiet happy with the outcome of the merger. Because Kraft did not really act upon what they stated to do before the merger, expression of the former first Minister of Scotland Jack McConnell asked Kraft in the Scottish Parliament to Honour the Fairtrade Part of the deal, he said There have been concerns expressed for many years that Kraft has never shown any enthusiasm for fair trade and therefore this must be under threat as a result of the takeover. (Treehugger, 2012). Warren Buffett isnt too keen now either. Discussing the CEO of Kraft, he said She thinks this is a good deal, I think its a bad deal. Mind you, he is probably not worrying about the fairtrade aspect. Cadburys 6,000 UK workers are also worried, because it is a hi risk for the workers to now work at Cadbury under the American Management which has already influenced the Cadbury management. 1. 5 Feasible alternative? The most feasible alternative to Kraft for Cadbury was Hershey Chocolates, which is also an American Chocolate brand. In 2009 before the hostile takeover of Cadbury by Kraft, Cadbury talked to Hershey personal to include themselves in the bid so they can recommend Hershey over Kraft to its shareholders and are taken over by Hershey, but unfortunately Hershey did not want to be the part of the bidding war over Cadbury with Kraft because Hershey is its self weighing up. Even for Kraft Hershey was a good alternative over Cadbury because both are American Companies and would understand eachother easily rather than taking over a company is a completely different region, Ferrero maker of Rocher chocolate and Nutella is also a very good alternative for Cadbury but at the time of bid according to Trevor Datson the spokesperson for Cadbury said the company had no comment. No one at Ferrero was immediately available for comment. Involvement of National and corporate cultures Neither is the Nation nor the Corporate section is happy with the merger of the both companies, because for public there is a fear of cutting off more than 6000 jobs is Britian and more than 46,000 globally so people working at Cadbury are really afraid to work at it and other than employees the Corporate personal are also in fear of that the world leading brands like Dairy Milk, Flake and Wipsa are at risk with this merger and the shareholder are also not very happy with the $11. 5 bn deal. Critical Evaluation of both the companies about this Partnership Both of the companies had their own management and their own way of doing business around the world. As Kraft is majorly dairy products maker and is being loved by that around the world. Where as Cadbury is also a very well known name in the chocolate industry, because a lot of people in United Kingdom and at other major parts of the world such as Asia and Africa Cadbury is really loved for chocolate. As through the analysis this is a very hostile takeover i. e. , between Kraft and Cadbury, after taking over Cadbury Kraft accepted some of the points that they will do and keep is at it is and after that takeover they did not manage to fulfill those commitments which lead to misunderstanding between these two companies after their merger. As Kraft agreed that they will stick to Faretrade organization and to keep the same cocoa supplier as Cadbury had before and before the merger Cadbury was to close one of their plants but after merger Kraft did not do so and now they are facing these problems which are not very good in the long run for both of the companies. Involvement Of the Government In this hostile takeover not just the employees and shareholders but also the government, had and also has issues with this mergers. With the merger of Kraft Foods and Cadbury a number of important issues have bin highlighted in the way through which the foreign takeovers of UK companies are conducted.